52 Fla. 188 | Fla. | 1906
On May 25, 1905, the W. T. Hadlow Company, a corporation, by counsel, filed in the circuit court for Duval county a praecipe for summons ad respondendum as follows:
“In Circuit Court, Duval County, Florida.
W. T. Hadlow Company, a Corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Florida, v Mary E. Bennett — Praecipe for Summons.
The clerk of said court will please issue a summons ad respondendum in the above entitled cause, directed to the said defendant, Mary E. Benedict, and made returnable to the Rule day in June, 1905. The plaintiff claims one thousand dollars in an action at law.
GEO. M. POWE(LL.
Attorney for Plaintiff.”
On the same day a summons in the name of the State of Florida, attested in the name of and signed by the clerk of the circuit court for Duval county, was issued, but
Another affidavit, sworn to byW. M. Bostwick, Jr., on June 21, 1905, appears to have been used at the hearing of the motion on August 22, 1905, as follows: “William M. Bostwick, Jr., being first duly SAVorn, says: That the defendant in the above entitled cause consulted him in regard to the probable bringing of the aboA^e entitled suit on or about the 15th day of April, 1905; that he
At the hearing of the motion the defendant tendered and asked leave to file a plea sworn to on July 26, 1905, consisting of the general issue of “never was indebted as alleged,” and a special plea averring the construction of a building by the plaintiff for the defendant, and that “the said plaintiff has received full payment and has given full receipts to thi® defendant for all work done and' material furnished for her account in and about the
On September 9, 1905, the defendant filed motions to quash summons and service and in arrest of judgment on the grounds that “(a) the said paper purporting to be the summons hasi not and had not, when purporting to be issued and served on the said defendant, any seal of the said court thereon or thereto, and was not made or issued under the seal of said court; (b) that there was no proper praecipe for summons filed in the said cause, and the said cause was never legally or properly instituted or begun, for that the paper purporting to be a praecipe to. commence the said suit and for summons therein does not sufficiently state the action as required' by the statute, to begin such suit or authorizing the issuing of summons therein.”
On March 2nd, 1906, the motions to quash summons and .service and in arrest of judgment were denied, and the defendent excepted.
On April 2nd, 1906, final judgment was entered for the plaintiff in the sum of $673.26 damages, and for costs. A writ of error was taken to this judgment and' the errors assigned are: (1) The order of August 24th, 1905, denying the motion to open the default entered against the defendant on the Rule day in June, 1905; (2) The order of March 2nd, 1906, denying the motions to quash summons and service and in arrest of judgment; (3) The final judgment entered April 2nd', 1906.
Section 1034 of the Revised Statutes of 1892 provides that “The Court may, for good cause shown upon any default for want of appearance or plea, set aside such default, and allow the defendant to demur or plead within a period of time to be fixed by the said court; but the
Whether a default properly entered should be set aside is for the determination of the court in the exercise of a sound judicial discretion, upon a consideration of all the facts and circumstances of the particular pase, which should show the good cause required by the statute; and while the determination of the court is subject to review, the appellate court will not interfere unless the record shows a gross abuse of discretion. The defendant should at least present facts reasonably excusing the failure to appear, and show by plea or by affidavits or otherwise facts which constitute a good defense to the merits, and also an offer to go to trial at once upon a material issue. Russ v. Gilbert, 19 Fla. 54; Loring v. Wittich, 16 Fla. 617.
Conceding that the plea presented on the hearing of the motion to set aside the default was tendered in time and that it was a good plea to the merits, and that the offer to plead without delay is a sufficient offer to go to trial at once, is there any excuse for the failure to appear on the return day of the summons ? Service of the summons was made on the defendant in person on May 25th, 1905, and the return day was June 5th, 1905. The defendant in her affidavit deposes “that through inadvertence she did not retain an attorney to defend said suit and enter her appearance herein, as required by rule on the Rule day in June, and that default was taken against said defendant for want of appearance on the Rule day in June.” Mr. Bostwick in his affidavit deposes “that the defendant * * * consulted him in regard to the probable bring
In view of Mr. Bostwick’s affidavit “that the matter was a thorough misunderstanding,” the affidavit of the defendant “that through inadvertence she did not retain an attorney to defend said suit and enter her appearance” must be taken as true. The defendant, does not claim that she had retained or that she supposed she had retained an attorney when the summons was served on her, and it is not shown that she made any effort to secure the services of Mr. Bostwick or any 'Other attorney after the service of the summons on her and before the default was entered against her. The inadvertence is not excused in any way.
The statute provides that the court may for good cause shown set aside a default and allow the defendant to
The absence of the seal of the court from the summons and the omission from the praecipe of a statement of the nature of the action are the grounds upon which the motions to quash the summons and service and in arrest of judgment were made. The contention here is that the denial of tne motions was error, for the reason that‘‘there had been no legal or valid praecipe and no action legally begun against” the' defendant and that “there was no jurisdiction of the person of the defendant because there was no legal summons issued or served and the defendant was never permitted to enter an appearance in the cause, but the court refused to permit her to appear.” A number of cases are cited by counsel in which the proceedings were set aside because of defective service of summons, but none because of a defect in the praecipe, or because of the omission of the seal of the court from the summons, except where statutes control. The statute of this ¡átate relating to form of process does not require the seal of the court to be impressed upon summons or other process. Conceding for the purposes of this case only that the stated omissions from the praecipe and summons constitute defects, they are amendable, and the omissions in no way affect the jurisdiction of the court or the legality of the proceedings. If the defendant desired to take advantage of them she should have done so before default; and, after her motion to set aside the default upon
The judgment is affirmed.