81 Pa. Super. 195 | Pa. Super. Ct. | 1922
Argued October 5, 1922. The plaintiff seeks in this action to recover for injuries to its automobile which came into collision with a motor truck of the defendant, which had been left standing, without a light, in the traveled part of a public highway in the State of New Jersey. The collision occurred on November 19, 1920. Witnesses for the plaintiff testified that it occurred at 6:30 o'clock in the evening, when it had for some time been dark, while the employee of the defendant in charge of the truck testified that it happened at half past four o'clock, when it was still light. The court instructed the jury that if the collision took place at a time when it was not yet dark the verdict should be in favor of the defendant. The jury having found in favor of the plaintiff, we must accept it as settled that the truck of the defendant was left standing in the public highway after dark, without any light or other warning of its presence. The plaintiff having recovered a verdict we have this appeal by the defendant.
We agree with the learned counsel for the appellant in much of his criticism of the manner in which this case *197
was tried in the court below. The cause of action having arisen in New Jersey, the rights of the parties concerned are governed by the law of that state. The law of another state upon a subject involved in the trial of a cause will be presumed to be the same as the law of the forum, in the absence of evidence to the contrary. It is incumbent upon him who alleges that it is different to show what it is to the court, who will judge of the sufficiency of the evidence, and its effect, and instruct the jury accordingly. This appellant offered in evidence the laws of New Jersey for 1899. The learned judge of the court below was of opinion that the only way to prove the law of another state was by calling a lawyer of the jurisdiction to testify as to the law, and overruled the offer. This was clearly erroneous. A statute admits of exact proof by a copy, or by presentation of the bound volumes of the laws adopted by the legislature and issued under authority of the State. Decisions of the highest courts of a state, appearing in the authenticated reports of such decisions are, if unanswered, a sufficient rebuttal of the presumption that the law of Pennsylvania is the same in this respect as the law of that other state: Bollinger v. Gallagher,
The learned judge of the court below erred in refusing to permit counsel for the defendant to take a general exception to the charge. This was an error which it is within our power to remedy. We have considered the charge in detail, precisely as if a general exception had been taken at the trial, and find in it no reversible error. The plaintiff was not asserting that the law of New Jersey was different from that of Pennsylvania and the burden was not upon him to prove the law of the first named state. He could rely on the presumption that the law of the place of the injury was the same as that of the forum. The statute of New Jersey, offered in evidence by the defendant, did not warrant the court below in holding that the law of that state was more favorable to the defendant than the law of Pennsylvania. The facts found by the jury established that the defendant had violated the statutory regulations of each of the states. There is no legal excuse for a failure to obey an absolute statutory requirement: Jaras v. Wright,
The judgment is affirmed.