125 Mo. App. 61 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1907
Plaintiff owns a farm on the shore of Half Moon lake in Pemiscot county. The outlet of the lake is Taylor bayou, a natural watercourse with well-defined channel and banks, through which the surplus waters of the lake formerly flowed into the Mississippi river. In 1893, the defendant, acting under statutory authority, built a levee to hold back the overflow waters of the Mississippi from the territory which previously had been frequently submerged. The levee was built as a solid dirt embankment across Taylor bayou, a short distance from the lake and obstructed the drainage of the lake. The channel of the bayou, which was from forty to sixty feet wide and ten to fifteen feet deep-, gradually choked with debris between the levee and the lake, thereby impeding the outlet of the waters still more. The testimony for the plaintiff goes to show that an overflow gate, or some other device, could have been put in the levee for the water from the lake to flow through and
Though several' errors are assigned in rulings on the admission of evidence, they appear not to be well taken. But the judgment must be reversed because of th'e overruling of plaintiff’s challenge of two jurors for cause. These men had listened to the trial of a case by another plaintiff against the defendant involving the same issues presented in the present case. Both plaintiffs lived on Half Moon lake and in their petitions each complained of the overflow of his farm during the season of 1903, because of the obstruction of Taylor bayou, and the consequent backing up' of the waters of Half Moon lake. Two veniremen testified on their voir dire examination that they had listened to all the testimony in the other case and had formed an opinion regarding its merits. It is true they said they thought they could try this case impartially and according to the evidence. But plainly they had prejudged the issues they were to determine in the strictest sense of the term; had formed an opinion on the issues by listening to all the testimony on which the present case would be tried. [Hunt v. Columbia, 122 Mo. App. 31, 97 S. W. 955; State v. Foley, 144 Mo. 600, 46 S. W. 733; State v. Fullerton, 90 Mo. App. 411.] Counsel for defendant insist that when plaintiff’s counsel challenged the competency of the two veniremen, the court had before it nothing to show this case was identical with the one the jurors had heard, except the state
It is insisted for the defendant that on the undisputed evidence the Statute of Limitations has barred plaintiff’s action, inasmuch as the levee was built in 1893 and this action was not instituted until 1903. The five-year Statute of Limitations was interposed as a defense. It should be borne in mind that the present action is not for an injury necessarily entailed by the construction of the levee in a proper manner, and the question of whether an action for damage thus caused would be barred, is not before us. The gravamen of this case is the negligent and unskillful construction of the levee, resulting in damage to plaintiff, when if it had been properly constructed, said damage would not have resulted. Such facts raise a cause of action. [Note to Van Pelt v. City of Davenport, 20 Am. Rep. 622.] The point to bé decided is. when the cause of action accrued; that is to say, whether plaintiff was bound to sue within a limited pe
It is said that more than ten years having elapsed since the construction of the levee, defendant had acquired a prescriptive right as against plaintiff. If his land had been overflowed continuously, in consequence of the erection of the levee, this point would deserve attention ; but the facts do not show a continuous, or even a periodical overflow, and we are of the opinion that the maintenance of the levee constituted no defense. [Wood, Limitations (3 Ed.), secs. 181, 182; Backhouse v. Bonomi, 9 H. L. Cas. 503; Whitehouse v. Fellowes, 9 C. B. N. S. 901, s. c. 10 Id. 705; Flight v. Thomas, 10 Ad. & El. 590; Polly v. McCall, 37 Ala. 20; Richardson v. Pond, 15 Gray 387.]
For the errors noted, the judgment is reversed and the cause remanded.