81 Mich. 508 | Mich. | 1890
Tbis is an action for false imprisonment. Anderson was mayor of tbe city of Iron Mountain, and made complaint against Barker before a justice of tbe peace. Upon tbis complaint Barker was arrested, tried, found guilty, and fined $20 and costs, or 30 days5 imprisonment in tbe county jail. He was taken to tbe jail and confined 12 days, when he was released on habeas corpus. Before he went to jail he was locked up in tbe city lock-up about two hours.
Tbe complaint was for peddling without a license from tbe city of Iron Mountain.
Tbis suit was originally commenced against tbe city of Iron Mountain and Anderson jointly. It was finally discontinued against the city, and the trial proceeded against Anderson alone, resulting in verdict and judgment against him for $1,000. On the trial no attempt was made to justify tbe arrest and imprisonment, and no testimony was offered on the part of tbe defense. Tbe plaintiff testified substantially that be was arrested in April, 1889, in tbe city of Iron Mountain, by a person
The judge instructed the jury that the plaintiff made out his case by showing the arrest and imprisonment; that it was then the duty of the defendant, if he had any justification, to show it.
“ He has not done so, so that he stands here as liable for the false imprisonment, and the only question for you, therefore, is to assess the damages.”
The allegations of error are that the court erred—
2. In charging the jury as follows:
“The only evidence we have is that he, as mayor of the city, made complaint. Having therefore started the criminal prosecution, he is responsible for all its consequences.”
3. In refusing to direct a verdict for the defendant.
4. In refusing to allow the plaintiff to answer the following question: “Did you' have sufficient, funds with you to pay your fine?”
As a general proposition, it must be admitted that it is only necessary for the plaintiff, in an action of this kind, to show that he has been imprisoned or restrained •of his liberty. The presumption then arises that he was unlawfully imprisoned, and it is for the person who has committed the trespass to show that it was legally justified. But the counsel for the defendant contends that—
“ The plaintiff having shown that he was imprisoned as the result of legal proceedings, that a complaint was made, a warrant issued, the form of a trial gone through with, resulting in his conviction, and the issuing of a commitment, under the color of which he is imprisoned, the jury should have been instructed to find a verdict for defendant,”—
As the presumption is in favor of the regularity of judicial proceedings even in courts of limited jurisdiction; citing, in support of his contention, the case of Love v. Wood, 55 Mich. 451.
Under the circumstances of the plaintiff's proofs we think the defendant was entitled to a verdict. In actions of this kind it is for the plaintiff to show, not only that he was restrained of his liberty, but that the restraint was unlawful. The name of the action implies that the imprisonment is false, and no action could be supported against any restraint which was lawful. . The mere fact that a person has been imprisoned is sufficient in itself,
In the case of Stensrud v. Delamater, 56 Mich. 144, relied upon by plaintiff’s counsel to support this judgment, the affidavit which led to the false imprisonment was shown and held to be invalid. It cannot be authority for this case, when the complaint was not presented to the court below, but only the fact that one was made. The .case of Love v. Wood, supra, is more nearly in point.
Whether the plaintiff had money with which he might have paid his fine, and thereby escaped imprisonment, was immaterial. If wrongfully convicted, the question whether he could have paid his fine, if he had desired to do so, could have no bearing on the plaintiff’s rights, or the amount he was entitled to recover in damages. The. court, therefore, did not err in excluding the question:
“Did you have sufficient funds with you to fine?” pay your