86 P. 820 | Cal. Ct. App. | 1906
[EDITORS' NOTE: THIS PAGE CONTAINS HEADNOTES. HEADNOTES ARE NOT AN OFFICIAL PRODUCT OF THE COURT, THEREFORE THEY ARE NOT DISPLAYED.] *563 This action was brought to recover the sum of $2,713.65 from the defendant Evans, and to have it adjudged that the other defendants had no claim to or interest in said sum. Evans deposited the money in court to abide the result of the controversy between the banks, and the action as to him was dismissed. The Bank of Woodland, in its answer, denied the averments of the complaint, and by way of cross-complaint set forth its right to the money, and Simpson answered denying generally the averments of both the complaint and cross-complaint. The court rendered judgment that the plaintiff was entitled to $183.54 of the sum so deposited, and the respondent bank to the remainder, and to costs. The plaintiff appeals from the judgment, and from an order denying its motion for a new trial.
The following facts are gleaned from the evidence, construed, as it must be, in the light most favorable to the findings and judgment. *564
The defendant Simpson made an agreement with defendant Evans, and through the agency of the latter, at some time prior to December 11, 1900, chartered two ships named, respectively, "The Anglessey" and "The Shenandoah," for the purpose of loading the same with cargoes of grain for sale and shipment to England. The terms of the charter-party, as far as they relate to commissions to become due to Simpson, provided for a commission of five per cent, one-half of which was payable at the time the charter-party was executed, and the other half at the port of discharge. The first installment was called the "charter commission" and the second the "address commission." On December 10, 1900, Simpson executed and delivered to respondent an order requesting Evans to pay any balance that might be due him on final settlement of the "Anglessey" and "Shenandoah" shipments, including charter commissions collected for his account, to the respondent. On the following day this order was presented to and indorsed and accepted in writing by Evans. At the time it was drawn and accepted, Simpson was indebted to the respondent in the sum of about $20,000, the payment of all of which, save about $3,000, was secured. The order was taken as additional security for this indebtedness, and no money was advanced to Simpson at the time it was drawn. The indebtedness of Simpson to respondent at the time this action was commenced had been reduced to the amount of respondent's judgment herein. When the order was executed and delivered, there was no agreement between respondent and Simpson, whereby the former was to "finance the cargoes," or furnish money to buy grain to load the ship. Respondent had furnished the money to buy grain to load two other ships which had been loaded before the "Anglessey" and "Shenandoah," but refused to make advances to buy wheat to load the ships named. After the refusal to make such advances, and after the order was accepted, respondent, through its cashier, learned that appellant was helping Simpson on the cargoes of the "Anglessey" and "Shenandoah." That official knew when the order was taken that it would be valueless unless the ships were loaded and cleared. He had no knowledge as to how Simpson was to load the ships, but thought Evans would see him through if nobody else did. He was shown a letter *565 by Simpson dated November 10, 1900, wherein Evans agreed to advance ninety-five cents per cental on wheat loaded, and to collect advances and "address commissions" for Simpson's account, through London friends, and to render a final account to him. Respondent never notified appellant that it held the order, and the latter knew nothing of its existence until after the wheat had been loaded on the ships. Respondent never "financed a cargo" for Simpson. In their dealings, the latter would buy the grain, and turn in the warehouse receipts to secure the amount of the check drawn in payment therefor, which was then paid by respondent. Simpson had some grain hypothecated to respondent which was loaded on the ships named. Of the grain loaded on the "Anglessey" respondent furnished 398,744 pounds, the appellant 2,219,332 pounds and the Yolo County Savings Bank 473,854 pounds. Of the grain loaded on the "Shenandoah" respondent furnished 25,854 pounds, appellant 6,230,720 pounds, and one Cerkel 4,854 sacks. Early in December, 1900, Simpson agreed with appellant that if the latter would advance the money necessary to load the two ships he had chartered, all moneys realized from the cargoes "except a small pro rata that mightbe due to the Bank of Woodland" would be paid to appellant. In buying wheat from the farmers Simpson paid for the same by issuing checks, to which the warehouse receipts, indorsed by the holders, were attached, and the checks so given were honored by appellant upon delivery of the receipts. The wheat was shipped to Port Costa by appellant, in whose name it was held, and, as it was loaded on the vessels, the mate issued receipts therefor in lieu of the warehouse receipts. After it was all loaded appellant was paid ninety-five cents per cental on the mate's receipts, which were taken up by and delivered to Evans, who in turn surrendered them when the bill of lading was issued. Some of the wheat delivered by appellant cost more and some less than ninety-five cents per cental, but freight charges and other expenses included, Simpson was indebted to appellant in the sum of about $4,000 on account of the transaction after Evans paid appellant ninety-five cents per cental for the wheat furnished. After the "address commissions" were paid, Evans had in his hands $2,713.60 which was payable to Simpson or his assignees. On January 8, 1901, the cashier of *566 appellant bank mailed a letter to Evans in which he said: "I have given the Grangers' Business Association authority to collect ninety-five cents per cental on all mate receipts not yet delivered to you, and an additional twenty-five cents on each ton of our wheat on ship 'Shenandoah.' Any payments yet to be made on account of ships 'Anglessey' and 'Shenandoah' to be made directly to this bank." Upon this letter Simpson under his signature indorsed his concurrence in such agreement.
It does not clearly appear when the loading of the ships was commenced. The agent who acted for Evans in the matter could not state positively whether it commenced in November or December, nor could he state how far it had advanced when the order relied upon by respondent was presented. In one part of his testimony Simpson stated that he could not say whether any wheat had been loaded at that time, and in another that all the wheat from Woodland was loaded afterward. It appears that on December 1st, 4,854 sacks of wheat worth $5,997.31 were purchased from one Cerkel; that this wheat was shipped on the "Shenandoah" and that the first wheat purchased by appellant for loading the ships was purchased on December 11th. There is nothing to show when the wheat purchased by the Yolo County Bank of Savings was purchased or loaded. The loading was completed during the first week of January, 1901.
It is contended that the evidence is insufficient to support the finding that the order given to respondent was supported by a sufficient consideration. This contention is based primarily on the proposition that respondent agreed to furnish money to purchase the grain for loading the ships, if the order was given, and that it failed to fulfill such agreement. It cannot be doubted that Simpson's version of the understanding had with respondent at the time the order was given is at variance with the version of the respondent's cashier, but it is well settled that when the evidence is conflicting the finding cannot be disturbed. (Astill v. SouthYuba Water Co.,
It is next contended that, at the time the order was given, there was nothing in existence capable of transfer or assignment, and in the same connection it is urged that in no event could there then be an assignment of anything owing from Evans to Simpson on account of any wheat furnished by *568
appellant. If it be conceded that no wheat owned by appellant had been loaded when the order was given, and that Simpson could not transfer any money which might thereafter become due to appellant on account of wheat furnished and loaded, still we think Simpson then had substantial, tangible property rights which could and did pass by assignment. The balance due on final settlement, including charter commissions collected on Simpson's account, alone was assigned, and certainly appellant could then have had no legal claim to such balance. Simpson then held the charters, and the Cerkel wheat, at least, had been loaded. The loading of the ships was practically insured by Evans' agreement to advance the approximate market value of wheat to whomsoever might furnish it. The charterer then had a vested interest in the charter and address commissions, and this was certainly a tangible, existing, substantive, assignable property right. Under his agreement with Evans, Simpson also had a vested interest in any profits realized on the sale of the cargoes, and this, while in a measure speculative, was nevertheless an assignable interest. The rights and things in action arising out of the agreement with Evans, including the profits which would or might be derived therefrom, were in themselves capable of assignment. (Civ. Code, secs.
It is said that the agreement between Simpson and appellant gave the latter a contract lien on both cargoes, but our construction of such agreement, and the letter indorsed by *570 Simpson subsequently sent by appellant to Evans, is that Simpson simply assigned to appellant the profits of the venture, less any pro rata due respondent, and that any sum received was to be applied to the satisfaction of a subsisting indebtedness.
It is very evident that appellant did not rely on such agreement for security, for throughout the entire transaction it retained the receipts which evidenced its ownership of the grain, and only surrendered them when Evans paid a sum which, under the evidence, was apparently equivalent to the price paid therefor.
Finally, it is urged that respondent was bound to give appellant notice that it held the order, because it knew that appellant was backing Simpson in loading the ships. Our attention has been called to no law requiring such notice, unless the rule embodied in subdivision
Reversal is asked on the ground that the court failed to find on defensive matter pleaded in the answer to the cross-complaint, but we think appellant was not prejudiced by any failure in this regard. The court found all the facts relating *571
to the assignments made by Simpson to appellant and respondent, and it sufficiently appears therefrom that each assignment was supported by a sufficient consideration. We have seen that appellant's ignorance of the existence of the order did not affect respondent's rights under it, and that appellant did not retain possession of the wheat after the receipts evidencing possession and ownership were surrendered. What has been said also clearly indicates that under the facts proven, the appellant had no lien on any part of the money due Simpson on final settlement, and that its lien on the wheat ended when the mate's receipts were surrendered to Evans. From this it follows that under the evidence any finding in this regard must have been adverse to appellant, and hence no injury resulted to it from a failure to find on such issues. (People v. Center,
Error is predicated on the admission of the testimony of the president of the respondent bank, to the effect that neither the cashier nor any other agent of the bank had been given authority to finance the vessels or to buy wheat for the purpose of loading them. His testimony, as far as it related to any authority proceeding from him, was certainly competent, and conceding that the portion of the answer relating to lack of authorization by the board of directors was not the best evidence, we cannot see how such answer resulted in prejudice to appellant. The cashier who dealt with Simpson did not claim to have any such authority. In fact, he denied in toto that any such agreement had been entered into. His authority, or lack of it, was not an essential fact in the case, and if a finding in appellant's favor on this point was supported by uncontroverted evidence, the result would not be changed. Therefore, the ruling, if erroneous, was harmless. (Carter v. Meuli,
The judgment and order are affirmed.
*572Buckles, J., and Chipman, P. J., concurred.