121 So. 823 | Miss. | 1929
On the trial in the county court, the original docket entries and orders of the justice of the peace were introduced in evidence. In some material respects the docket entries by the justice of the peace conflict with his certified transcript sent up to the county court. The certified transcript was regular in all substantial respects. It recites that appellant was absent and failed to prosecute the action; that the defendants were present and announced that they were ready for trial, and thereupon the court dismissed the suit at appellant's cost. *799
While the original entry in the docket recites the following: "This cause came on and the plaintiff appeared not and thedefendant appeared and the case was dismissed at the plaintiff's cost," the certified transcript of the record shows that both appellee and his codefendant, Minnie T. Brown, were served with summons by L.R. Rich, constable, while the docket entries, which are controlling, show that they were served by L.R. Rich, deputy constable." Appellant concedes that there is no such officer in this state as a deputy constable and therefore the service of summons on the defendants was void. But appellant takes the position that the judgment of the justice of the peace against appellee was valid, notwithstanding appellee was not in court by legal process, because of the fact that appellee was present in person at the trial, and moved the court to dismiss the action for want of prosecution. Appellant put appellee on the witness stand as an adverse witness, and, over appellee's objection, showed by him that he was present when the justice of the peace rendered judgment, and that it was rendered on his motion.
Putting the case in a short way: Appellant sued appellee and another in the court of a justice of the peace. The justice of the peace failed to acquire jurisdiction of the defendants by virtue of the process issued and served on them, because the service of the process was void. Appellee appeared on the day set for the trial before the justice of the peace, notwithstanding he was not required to do so, and orally moved the court to dismiss the action for the want of prosecution, which motion was sustained by the court, and judgment accordingly entered, reciting that the "defendant appeared," not defendants. The judgment failed to state which defendant appeared, whether appellee or his codefendant. As stated, appellant undertook to show by parol that the appellee was the defendant who was present in court when the judgment *800 was rendered; and by such an appearance the court acquired jurisdiction of him.
One of the fundamentals of a valid judgment is that the court must have acquired jurisdiction of the person of the defendant either by process legally served or by voluntary appearance on his part. Although, it is true, there goes with the judgment of a court of record the presumption that the court acquired jurisdiction of the person of the defendant, such presumption is not conclusive. The defendant, on motion to set aside and vacate the judgment, is entitled to show by parol evidence that the judgment was rendered without the court having acquired jurisdiction of his person. Meyer v. Whitehead,
In the present case, the judgment in connection with the process served on appellee shows affirmatively that the court failed to acquire jurisdiction of appellee. The judgment, therefore, is void on the face of the record. Appellant undertook to show by parol that the court acquired jurisdiction of appellee by a voluntary appearance. Under the law, this could not be done.
Applying these principles, we have here a judgment which recites that one of the defendants appeared — not both of them; and it is silent as to which one appeared, and the appellant undertakes to show that fact by parol, which, under the law, is not permissible.
Affirmed. *801