Bailey v. StateBailey v. State
- Reporters:
- Before:
- Ray
There was a conviction under an indictment for grand larceny. The amended record filed in this cоurt *423disposes of the objection urged by the appellant that the record did not show the indictmеnt to have been returned by a grand jury regularly impanneled.
An exception was taken on the trial to the giving of the following instruction: “1. It is a settled principle that voluntary drunkenness is not an excuse fоr a criminal act committed while the intoxicаtion lasts, and being its immediate result. Such drunkenness is, in itself, a wrongful act, for the immediate consequences of which the law will hold the party liable. And althоugh there may be no actual criminal intent, the law will hold the party by construction guilty of such intent. This prinсiple applies even to a case where the party is so besotted by liquor as to be irrational at the time of the commission of the crime. But when an act is performed byan insane, but not, at the time, an intoxicated person, which if committed by a sane person would be a сrime, such act of the insane person is not hеld to be a crime, though the insanity was remotely рroduced by previous habits of gross intemperance.”
The law as it was evidently intended to be stated by this instruction to the jury is in full accord with the rulings of this court, and with the weight of authority, but we fear that in the cаse under consideration the jury may have been misled by an inapt use of words in the latter clausе of the instruction. The bill of exceptions states that “there was evidence before the jury tеnding to show that the defendant was, at the time of thе commission of the offense, intoxicated, аnd his mental faculties seriously impaired by a long and habitual course of intoxication and drunkennеss.” If from this evidence the jury found that the defendant’s mind was so far destroyed by his long continued habit of drunkenness as to render him mentally incompetent intentionally and knowingly to commit the larceny, then the defendant should have been acquitted, although hе was intoxicated at the time he took the property. The present intoxication must not bе the cause of the mental incapacity, but if that mental incapacity already exists, рresent intoxi*424cation will not render the persоn liable. Ve are not clear that the languаge inadvertently used by the court may not admit of a different construction, and it may therefore hаve misled the jury.
The cause is reversed and remanded, with directions to the court below to grant a new trial.