75 Conn. App. 215 | Conn. App. Ct. | 2003
Opinion
The plaintiff, Jane Bailey, appeals from the judgment of the trial court granting the motion of the defendant medical examining board for state employee disability retirement (board)
The dispositive issue in this case is whether the board’s decision constituted a “final decision” pursuant to the UAPA.
The following facts and procedural history are relevant to the plaintiffs appeal. The plaintiff, a state employee with an extensive history of significant family
Following the incident with her supervisor, the plaintiff filed a workers’ compensation claim. In 1994, the workers’ compensation commissioner (commissioner) determined that the plaintiff had a compensable, psychotic, workplace related injury resulting from the stress that she had experienced in 1991.
On June 5, 2001, the plaintiff appealed to the court from the board’s decision. In response, the defendant filed a motion to dismiss the appeal based on the court’s lack of subject matter jurisdiction. The court, finding that subject matter jurisdiction did not exist, granted the defendant’s motion. This appeal followed. Additional facts will be set forth as necessary.
We first set forth our standard of review governing an appeal from a judgment granting a motion to dismiss on the ground of a lack of subject matter jurisdiction. “A motion to dismiss properly attacks the jurisdiction of the court, essentially asserting that the plaintiff cannot as a, matter of law and fact state a cause of action that should be heard by the court.” (Emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted.) Adolphson v. Weinstein, 66 Conn. App. 591, 594, 785 A.2d 275 (2001), cert. denied, 259 Conn. 921, 792 A.2d 853 (2002); see also Practice Book § 10-31 (a) (1). A court deciding a motion to dismiss must determine not the merits of the claim or even its legal sufficiency, but rather, whether the claim is one that the court has jurisdiction to hear and decide. See Castro v. Viera, 207 Conn. 420, 429, 541 A.2d 1216 (1988). Our Supreme Court has determined that when “ruling upon whether a complaint survives a motion to dismiss, a court must take the facts to be those alleged in the complaint, including those facts necessarily implied from the allegations, construing them in a manner most favorable to the pleader. ... A motion to dismiss tests, inter alia, whether, on the face of the record, the court is without jurisdiction. . . . [Bjecause [a] determination regarding a trial court’s subject matter jurisdiction is a question of law, our review is plenary.” (Internal quotation
There is no absolute right to appeal decisions of administrative agencies. See Ahern v. State Employees Retirement Commission, 48 Conn. App. 482, 487, 710 A.2d 1366 (“[t]he right to appeal from a decision of an administrative agency to the Superior Court is a creature of statute”), cert. denied, 245 Conn. 911, 718 A.2d 16 (1998). If the legislature has not created statutory authority for an appeal, then the Superior Court does not have jurisdiction to hear the appeal. See Killingly v. Connecticut Siting Council, 220 Conn. 516, 521, 600 A.2d 752 (1991). Moreover, the legislature has not authorized a right of appeal to the Superior Court from every determination of an administrative agency. See New England Dairies, Inc. v. Commissioner of Agriculture, 221 Conn. 422, 427, 604 A.2d 810 (1992). “Judicial review of [an administrative agency’s] action is governed by the [UAPA] . . . and the scope of that review is very restricted.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Ellam v. Commissioner of Motor Vehicles, 47 Conn. App. 509, 513, 704 A.2d 257 (1998).
Prior to determining whether the court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to hear the appeal, we first set out the statutory framework for administrative appeals. General Statutes § 4-183 grants the Superior Court subject matter jurisdiction to hear and decide appeals from agency decisions. Section 4-183 (a) provides in relevant part that “[a] person who has exhausted all administrative remedies available within the agency and who is aggrieved by afinal decision may appeal to the Superior Court as provided in this section. ...” (Emphasis added.)
“In determining whether an administrative decision is final for the purposes of § 4-183 (a), we look first to our statutes governing such determinations.” (Internal
In the present case, there is nothing to indicate that the denial of the plaintiffs claim for service connected disability was a declaratory ruling under § 4-166 (3) (B) or a decision made after reconsideration under § 4-166 (3) (C). The question therefore is whether the decision by the board was an “agency determination in a contested case” pursuant to § 4-166 (3) (A).
Section 4-166 (2) defines “contested case” as “a proceeding, including but not restricted to rate-making, price fixing and licensing, in which the legal rights, duties or privileges of a party are required by statute to be determined by an agency after an opportunity for hearing or in which a hearing is in fact held, but does not include proceedings on a petition for a declaratory ruling under section 4-176 or hearings referred to in section 4-168 . . . .” (Emphasis added.) That is, the UAPA mandates, as a predicate for contested case status, that a party must have enjoyed a statutory right to ahearing. See Lewis v. Gaming Policy Board, 224 Conn. 693, 699-700, 620 A.2d 780 (1993); see also Ahern v. State Employees Retirement Commission, supra, 48 Conn. App. 487-88 (Lavery, J., concurring). For the Superior Court to have subject matter jurisdiction to hear the plaintiffs appeal from the board’s decision, therefore, there must exist an agency decision in a proceeding (contested case) during which the legal rights, duties or privileges of a party are required by statute
“The test for determining contested case status . . . requires an inquiry into three criteria, to wit: (1) whether a legal right, duty or privilege is at issue, (2) and is statutorily required to be determined by the agency, (3) through an opportunity for hearing or in which a hearing is in fact held.” (Emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted.) Summit Hydropower Partnership v. Commissioner of Environmental Protection, 226 Conn. 792, 800-801, 629 A.2d 367 (1993). Applying that test, the legal right, duty, or privilege at issue in this case is the plaintiffs right to apply for service connected disability retirement from the state. The second and third prongs of this test, however, have not been satisfied. Contested case status does not hinge on whether a hearing in fact has been held. That is, a hearing not statutorily mandated, even if gratuitously held, does not create a contested case for purposes of the UAPA and subject matter jurisdiction. Dadiskos v. Connecticut Real Estate Commission, 37 Conn. App. 777, 782, 657 A.2d 717 (1995).
Our Supreme Court has “determined that even in a case where a hearing is in fact held, in order to constitute a contested case, a party to that hearing must have enjoyed a statutory right to have his legal rights, duties or privileges determined by that agency holding the hearing. ... In the instance where no party to a hearing enjoys such a right, the Superior Court is without jurisdiction over any appeal from that agency’s determination.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Lewis v. Gaming Policy Board, supra, 224 Conn. 700; see also Summit Hydropower Partnership v. Commissioner of Environmental Protection, supra, 226 Conn. 807-809 (if hearing not statutorily mandated, even if one gratuitously held, “contested case” not created).
We conclude that the board’s decision was not an agency determination in a contested case and, therefore, the Superior Court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to hear the appeal. Having determined that the Superior Court properly found that it lacked subject matter jurisdiction, we do not reach the plaintiffs second claim regar ding collateral estoppel.
The judgment is affirmed.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
Capital Community Technical College, where the plaintiff was employed at the time of the events at issue, also is a defendant.
See General Statutes § 4-166 et seq.
See General Statutes §§ 4-183 and 4-166 (2) and (3).
Because our resolution of the issue of subject matter jurisdiction is dispositive of the appeal, we need not address the plaintiffs second claim. We must fully resolve any jurisdictional question before considering the merits of the appeal. See Castro v. Viera, 207 Conn. 420, 429, 541 A.2d 1216 (1988).
Capital Community Technical College formerly was known as Greater Hartford Community College.
Neither the plaintiff nor the defendant appealed from the commissioner’s decision. See Bailey v. State, 65 Conn. App. 592, 594, 783 A.2d 491 (2001). Following further hearings, the commissioner issued a supplemental finding stating that the plaintiff was totally disabled from May 17,1991, until January 20, 1994. On the basis of that finding, the commissioner ordered the defendant to pay “specific compensation and fees owed to the plaintiff.” Id. The defendant appealed from the commissioner’s supplemental findings to the workers’ compensation review board. Id. On September 3,1996, the workers’ compensation review board reversed the commissioner’s findings and awards, and remanded the matter to the commissioner for further proceedings to determine the extend of the disability. Id. The plaintiff appealed to this court from the decision of the workers’ compensation review board, and this court dismissed the appeal for lack of a final judgment. Id., 594-95.
Thereafter, the commissioner conducted additional hearings to determine the extent of the plaintiffs disability. Id., 595. The plaintiff filed a motion
After the hearing on remand, the commissioner ordered the defendant to pay temporary total disability and the plaintiffs medical bills for the period of April 30, 1991, through January 20, 1994. Id. The commissioner also ordered the defendant to pay to the plaintiff “ ‘the $12,000 attorney’s fee award previously assigned by [the commissioner] which has not been appealed’ ” and an attorney’s fee of $7500 for the defendant’s unreasonable contest of the plaintiffs claim for benefits. Id. The defendant appealed to the workers’ compensation review board, which, in turn, affirmed all of the commissioner’s award except for the $12,000 award of attorney’s fees. Id.
The plaintiff appealed from the workers’ compensation review board’s reversal of the $12,000 attorney’s fees award. Id., 593. The defendant cross appealed from the workers’ compensation review board’s January 12 and November 30,1999 decisions. Id., 595. We affirmed the decision to deny the award of $12,000 in attorney’s fees. Id., 605. On the defendant’s cross appeal, we reversed the January 12 and November 30, 1999 decisions. Id. The case was remanded to the commissioner for further proceedings. Id., 605-606.
The notice of decision was issued by the board on April 20, 2001.