50 Neb. 18 | Neb. | 1896
Carl Baacke, of Lancaster county, on the 16th day of December, 1887, executed a will which disposes of his property in the language following:
“1. After my decease, and after all my debts and funeral expenses have been paid out of my estate, the following heirs shall divide my estate as prescribed in paragraph 2:
■“2. My present wife, Dorothea E. Baacke, shall receive as her share, first, such part as may be allowed her by court and law as my wife; secondly, she, Dorothea E. Baacke, shall receive out of my estate twenty-five dollars in cash, in addition. To my son, Fritz Baacke, I bequeath ten ($10) dollars. To my daughter, Elizabeth, now Mrs. Klepper, I bequeath ten ($10) dollars. To my son, Herman Baacke, I bequeath ten ($10) dollars; and the balance of my property I bequeath to the children of my son, Fritz Baacke, viz.: Elizabeth-Sophia Margaretha Baacke, born October 21, 1880; Juliana Margaretha Baacke, born January 30,1882; Maria Dorothea Baacke, born July 1,1885; but on the condition that they pay off the sums by me specified, and divide the remainder equally between themselves.
“3. In case any one of my heirs shall oppose these conditions, or shall even appeal to law, then his legacy (share) shall consist of five ($5) dollars; no more.”
On February 11, 1893, the testator died, and a few days later T. H. Miller filed in the county court said will, and asked that the same be admitted to probate. Herman Baacke, son of said Carl, on March 3, 1893, presented to the county court a petition, alleging therein that the instrument purporting to be the last will and testament of Carl Baacke had been revoked and annulled, and praying that letters of administration be granted on the estate to one Henry Cramer. Subsequently, Herman Baacke and Elizabeth Klepper, son and daughter of the deceased, pleaded in the county court certain matters
The record shows that Carl Baacke, at the time of the making of his will, had a wife, with whom he was then living; that subsequently she obtained a divorce from him, and her property rights were settled; that after the 'execution of the will, and prior to the death of the testator, three other children were born to his son Fritz, who survived their grandfather; and that said Fritz died «.bout a year before the death of his father.
The statutory provisions in respect to the revocation of wills are contained in section 132, chapter 23, Compiled Statutes, and are as follows: “No will, nor any part thereof, shall be. revoked unless by burning, tearing, canceling, or obliterating the same, with the intention of revoking it, by the testator, or by some person in his presence and by his direction; or by some other will or codicil, in writing, executed as prescribed in this chapter; •or by some other wording, signed, attested, and subscribed in the manner provided in this chapter for the execution of a will; excepting only that nothing contained in this section shall prevent the revocation implied by law from subsequent changes in the condition or circumstances of the testator.” It is not claimed in this case that there has been any express revocation of the will by the testator in any of the modes pointed out in the statute. The sole question is whether the facts already mentioned, namely, the divorce of the wife, the death of the son, Fritz, and the birth to the latter of three children, operated as an implied revocation of the will. It cannot escape notice that the statute quoted provides that no will, or any part of the same, shall be revoked or
While our statute recognizes revocations of wills by implication of law, it has not undertaken to designate or specify what subseqiient changes in the condition and circumstances of the testator will produce such
No case has been cited, nor has the writer been able to find a single authority, which holds that a subsequent granting of a divorce to the wife of a testator, and a settlement of her property rights, work a revocation. It could no more than revoke the will as to her legacy, and whether it would have that effect in this case it is not necessary now to determine, as the question is not before us.
The death of the testator’s son could have no effect, since it was a contingency that 'must have been contemplated by tbe testator. Especially is this true in view of our statute (Compiled. Statutes, ch. 23, sec. 151), which declares that “when a devise or legacy shall be made to any child or other relation of the testator, and the devisee or legatee shall die before the testator, having issue who shall survive the testator, such issue shall take the estate so given by the will in the same manner as the devisee or legatee would have done if he had survived the testa
But one other ground relied upon for a revocation remains to be considered, and that is the birth of the three children to Fritz Baacke after the making of the will. We have already observed that at common law a revocation will not be implied from the birth of a posthumous child, and clearly, from analogy, the subsequent birth of the grandchildren did not revoke the will. This view is emphasized by the legislation in this state upon the subject. Section 148 of said chapter 23 declares: “When any child shall be. born after the making of his parent’s will, and no provision shall be made therein for him, such child shall have the same share in the estate of the testator as if he had died intestate, and the share of such child shall be assigned to him as provided by law in case of intestate estate, unless it shall be apparent from the will that it was the intention of the testator that no provision should be made for such child.” The next succeeding section provides: “When any testator shall omit to provide in his will for any of his children, or for the issue of any deceased child, and it shall appear that such omission was not intentional, but was made by mistake or accident, such child, or the issue of such child, shall have the same share in the estate of the testator as if he had died intestate, to be assigned as provided in the preceding section.” The succeeding. section in the same chapter provides the manner for assigning of the estate in the cases mentioned in the section quoted above. It is obvious from these statutory requirements it was not the intention of the legislature that the omission of a testator to make any provision in his will for a posthumous child, or for the issue of a deceased child, should work an entire revocation of the will, else the legislature would not hake provided for the assignment of the estate
Decree affirmed.