191 Mo. 709 | Mo. | 1905
This is an appeal from the judgment of the circuit court of Greene county on a motion for judgment upon the pleadings in the above-entitled cause. The action was commenced on the 29th of June, 1901, in the circuit court of McDonald county, Missouri, and the venue changed to Greene county. As the judgment was rendered upon the pleadings, it becomes essential that they should be reproduced in full. The petition, omitting caption, is as follows:
“Now comes the plaintiff in the above-entitled cause, and for his cause of action states that on the 23rd day of December, A. D. 1899, W. T. Walters, now deceased, together with A. C. Walters and G. H. Huddleston, executed their three several promissory notes
“That said entry is on page 83 of the abstract of demands, in said probate court, and in the list of demands allowed against the said estate of W. T. Walters, deceased; that on the same day on which said claim was allowed, and immediately after the allowance of the same, the attorney for plaintiff, A. F. Ault, at the request of the probate judge, prepared an entry for the permanent record, allowing said claim and submitted the same to the counsel for the administrator, Frank Bradley, and the said attorney for the administrator expressed himself as satisfied with the same, and went in company with the attorney for the plaintiff herein, and the said entry was submitted by both of said attorneys to the probate judge, both of said attorneys then and there declaring in the presence of the court that the judgment entered from said copy would be satisfactory to their respective clients, and the court then and there approved the same as its judgment, and announced its approval to the said attorneys at the time; that on some day thereafter, and prior to the time the judgment entry was spread upon the permanent records of said court, and in the absence of the plaintiff herein or his attorney, and without notice to either of them, some person, that is to say, the attorney for the defendant Bradley, and the attorneys for the defendants McKinney and Jones, took said entry for the record from the office of the judge of the probate court and fraudulently and with design to hinder, defraud and delay the plaintiff herein, and to deprive him of any benefit from said estate, on account of the
“Said entry is found in the records of the probate court, in Book ‘E’ at pages 242, 243 and 244, which said entry is in words and figures as follows, to-wit:
“ ‘February 18, 1901. Estate of W. T. Walters, deceased.
“ ‘A. F. Ault, Plaintiff, v. Frank Bradley, Administrator of said estate, Defendant. — Demand allowed.
“ ‘ Now comes the claimant, A. F. Ault, and presents to the court in open court, for allowance against said estate, a demand for the sum of $5-,142. 39', founded on three notes, of which the following are copies:
“ ‘7188. $2200: Southwest City, Mo., Dec. 23, 1899.
“ ‘Ninety days after date we or either of us as principal promise to pay to the order of the Southwest City Bank, twenty two hundred and 00:100 dollars, for value received, with interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum after maturity until paid. And we hereby consent that by payment of the interest in advance this note may be extended.
“ ‘1. W. T. Walters, 2. A. C. Walters.
3. Gr. H. Huddleston.
“ ‘Due March 23rd, 1900. No. 1822.
“ ‘Ninety days after date we or either of us as principals, promise to pay to the order of the Southwest City Bank fifteen hundred and ninety-six and 00-100 dollars, for value received, with interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum after maturity until paid. And we hereby consent that by payment of the interest in advance this note may be extended.
“ ‘1. W. T. Walters,
2. A. C. Walters,
3. G. H. Huddleston.
“ ‘Due March 3rd, 1900. No. 7828.
“ ‘No. 7187. $1,000.00. Southwest City, Mo., Dec. 23rd, 1899.
“ ‘Ninety days after date we or either of us as principal, promise to pay to the order of the Southwest City Bank, one thousand and 00-100 dollars, for value received, with interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum, after maturity until paid. And we hereby consent that by the payment of the interest in advance this note may be extended.
“ ‘1. W. T. Walters,
2. A. C. Walters,
3. Gr. H. Huddleston.
“ ‘Due March 23rd, 1900: No. 7821.
“ ‘And it appearing to the court that said administrator had on the nineteenth day of December, 1900, waived service of notice for allowance of said claim, and the said A. F. Ault, having made affidavit that to the best of his knowledge and belief he had given credit to the estate for all payments and offsets to which it may be entitled; that the balance claimed is justly due, and the court having heard the evidence, adduced by the claimant in proof of his demand, it is therefore ordered to be allowed against said estate, to the
“That the plaintiff herein resides at a distance of twenty miles, and Ms said attorney resides at a distance of twenty-five miles, from Pineville, the county seat of said county, where said probate court is held; that acting upon the assurances of the judge of the probate court that the plaintiff’s demand had been allowed without any restrictions and assigned to the fifth class of demands, and that the said court had approved the copy prepared and agreed upon by said attorneys, as its judgment, and would cause the same to be entered upon the permanent records of the probate court, both the plaintiff and Ms attorney departed for their homes, without then or at any time thereafter having any notice, from the court or from the administrator, or any other person, that said probate court would thereafter, on any subsequent day, attempt to
“Whereupon, the plaintiff prays the court that upon a finding of the facts as above set forth, it be adjudged and decreed that the additions, alterations, modifications and interlineations written into said judgment entry are void, that they be annulled and held for naught, that they be stricken out and expunged from the said judgment of the probate court, and for any and all other relief to which the court may find the plaintiff entitled.”
At the August term, 1901, W. E. Jones and A. J. McKinney filed a motion in said McDonald court to be made parties to said action and to be permitted to plead to plaintiff’s petition, on the ground that they were creditors of the individual estate of W. T. Walters, deceased, which motions were sustained, and thereupon the plaintiff filed his motion to set aside the order allowing Jones and McKinney to become parties defendant, on the ground that said Jones and McKinney were made parties without notice to the plaintiff, and because they were not necessary or proper parties to the determination of his action. At the said August term the defendants Jones and McKinney filed their joint answer to said petition which is in words and figures as follows, omitting caption:
“Defendants Jones and McKinney, for separate answer to plaintiff’s petition herein, deny each and every allegation in the same, saving and excepting that the probate court of McDonald county did adjudge, make and enter of record its judgment, order and allowance of the plaintiffs ’ demand against the estate of W. T. Walters, deceased, in the form and words set out in the plaintiff’s petition purporting to copy the same as actually entered and written of date February 18, 1901.
“Defendants further say that their co-defendant,
“That the whole assets of each and both of said estates are not sufficient in amount or value to pay off or satisfy said debts and demands, debts and assets thereof being as follows: Debts of the individual estate of the fifth class amount to $ ----- and the whole assets applicable thereto amount to $--- -; debts of said partnership estate amount to $---, so that both estates are insolvent.
“That these defendants are creditors of tbe said individual estate of W. T. Walters, deceased, and their claims and demands have been allowed by tbe said-probate court and adjudged to be paid by said administrator out of tbe assets of said estate in tbe fifth class of such demands, as follows: W. E. Jones, on note against tbe deceased of $296.88, and A. J. McKinney on note against deceased of $2,883.38, both bearing interest, and defendants are interested accordingly in tbe estate, and in this case wherein is involved tbe application and distribution of the assets and effects of said estate, and in the issues presented affect
“That the plaintiff’s claim and demand is based upon and was in fact debt or debts of the said partnership and primarily chargeable against and payable out of the assets thereof; and the same was by plaintiff first exhibited to the said administrator as such on the 19th of December, 1900, and the self-same notes described in plaintiff’s petition, with the plaintiff’s demand, based thereon, were presented by plaintiff to the probate court, against the said partnership estate, and the same was adjudicated and allowed by the said court in plaintiff’s favor February 18th, 1901, in the sum of $5,142.39, to be paid out of the assets of said partnership estate, which judgment was duly made and entered on the record of said court at the said time with the allowance of the same demand against the individual estate though written first on said record at plaintiff’s instance, copy of which said demand, as allowed against said partnership estate, with plaintiff’s affidavit in support of the same, first .filed herein with answer of W. E. Jones and A. J. McKinney are adopted to be hereunto annexed as ‘Exhibit A.’
“That plaintiff has voluntarily elected to present his said demand as a claim and debt of and against said partnership estate, and he has reduced the same to judgment of allowance against said estate, out of which he has been paid part of said debt, whereby he is estopped from claiming otherwise in this case.
“Defendants pray that plaintiff take .nothing by this action, that they have judgment for costs expended herein and that all defendants go hence without day.”
“Exhibit A” attached to said answer, is as follows, to-wit:
“The estate of Walters & Huddleston, late partnership, composed of W. T. Walters and Gr. H. Huddleston. Frank Bradley in charge of the partnership effects of said late firm as administrator of W. T. Walters, deceased, to A. F. Ault, Dr.
“On three promissory notes dated Dec. 23, 1899, payable to the order of the Southwest City Bank ninety days after date, and bearing 8 per cent interest from maturity until paid and executed by W. T. Walters, Gr. H. Huddleston and A. C. Walters.
“One of these notes being for the sum of $1,000.00
“One for the sum of.................. 1,596.00
“And one for the sum of.............. 2,200.00
“Making the total principal of said notes the sum of ......................$4,796.00
“The interest due on said notes to Dec. 19', 1900, is..........................283.47
“Total amount due on said notes to Dec.
19, 1900, is......................$5,079.47
“Copies of said notes are hereto attached and marked Exhibits ‘A,’ ‘B’ and ‘O’ respectively.
“W. T. Walters and F. H. Huddleston were partners on the date of the execution of said notes and were at the time of the death of W. T. Walters, deceased.
“A. F. Ault is the individual owner of tbe Southwest City Bank and is the owner of said notes.
“A. F. Ault being duly sworn according to law, says that to the best of his knowledge and belief he has given credit to the estate of Walters and Huddles-ton, a partnership, for all payments or offsets to which it is entitled, on the demand above described, and that the balance there claimed is justly due.
“A. F. Ault.
“Subscribed and sworn to before me this 19th day of December, A. D. 1900. Witness my hand and official seal. Joseph D. Hagler, Notary Public;
“Frank Bradley,
“Administrator in charge of the estate of Walters & Huddleston.
“CERTIFICATE.
“State of Missouri, County of McDonald, ss. In the probate court.
“I hereby certify that the sum of $5,112.39 was allowed on the attached demand of the fifth class of demands and costs on the 18th day of February, A. D. 1901. J. P. Caldwell,
“Judge of Probate.
“(Indorsed.)
“Demand A. F. Ault v. Estate Walters & Huddleston, a late partnership.
“Filed in court this 18th day of February, 1901.
“J. P. Caldwell, Judge of Probate.”
At the October term, 1902, of the Greene County Circuit Court, defendant Bradley filed his separate answer which is as follows:
“Defendant Bradley, for separate answer to plaintiff’s petition, denies each and every allegation in the same, saving and excepting that defendant says that the probate court of McDonald county did adjudge, make and enter its judgment, order and allowance of the plaintiff’s demand against the estate of W. T. Walters, deceased, of record in the form and words set out in the plaintiff’s petition purporting to copy the same as actually entered and written, of date February 18, 1901.
“Defendant further says that as the duly appointed administrator of the estate of W. T. Walters, he has given bond, with sureties approved by the said probate
“Debts of the individual estate of the fifth class amount to $4,700.90, and the whole assets applicable thereto amount to $4,733.00. Debts of said partnership estate amount to $7,044.78, and the whole assets applicable thereto amount to about $1,743.30; so that both estates are insolvent.
“That the plaintiff’s claim and demand is based upon and was in fact debt or debts of the said partnership, and primarily chargeable against and payable out of the assets thereof; and the same was by plaintiff first exhibited to the said administrator as such on the 19th of December, 1900', and the same notes described in plaintiff’s petition with the plaintiff’s demand based thereon, were presented by plaintiff to the said probate court against said partnership estate, and the same was adjudicated and allowed by said court in plaintiff’s favor, February 18, 1901, in the sum of $5,-142.39, to be paid out of the assets of said partnership estate, which judgment was duly made and entered of record of said court, at the same time with the allowance of the same demand against the said individual
“The plaintiff has elected voluntarily to present his said demand as a claim and debt of and against said partnership estate, and he has reduced the same to judgment of allowance against said estate, out of which he has been paid part of said debt, whereby he is estopped from claiming otherwise in this case.”
At the same time plaintiff filed his reply to the answers of the defendants:
“First. He denies the allegations in said answers that he first presented and allowed the demands set forth in the complaint, against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston, but alleges the fact to be that said claims were presented and allowed against the individual estate of W. T. Walters and against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston at the same time and the provision in the allowance of the claim against the individual estate of W. T. Walters to the effect that any sums received from the partnership estate should be credited in the allowance against the individual estate of Walters was inserted at the instance and request of the attorney of the administrator of W. T. Walters, as he claimed, to prevent a double collection of the claim.
“ Second. Plaintiff denies the allegation in said answer that he voluntarily elected to probate his claim against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston as partnership claim only, but alleges the fact to be that his said claims were in fact the individual liabilities of W. T. Walters, GL H. Huddleston and A. C. Walters, and known to the plaintiff to be such at the time they were presented for allowance, but the plaintiff believed'that Walters & Huddleston, a partnership
“Third. The plaintiff says it is not true that anything has been received by Mm on Ms claim from the estate of Walters & Huddleston. And the plaintiff further states that if it should be held that Ms claims were not provable against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston, as well as against the individual estate of W. T. Walters, he is ready and willing to abandon his claim against such partnership estate.
“Fourth. The plaintiff denies each and every allegation of said answer not herein specifically denied, which is inconsistent with plaintiff’s petition.”
And thereupon at the said October term the defendants filed their motion for judgment on the pleadings as follows:
“Defendants move the court for judgment in their behalf upon the pleadings in this case, for the causes and reasons following:
“The facts averred by plaintiff do not constitute any equitable cause or ground of action or decree in this case.
“It is apparent from the plaintiff’s allegations that he has no cause of suit nor grounds for any remedy that may be awarded in this case. The admissions of the plaintiff show that no remedy is available to. him in this case.”
Which said motion having been seen, heard and considered by the court was sustained, and a decree entered dismissing plaintiff’s bill, to which action of the court the plaintiff at the time duly excepted, and in due time the plaintiff filed his motions for new trial and in arrest of judgment, which were heard and overruled and plaintiff excepted, and thereupon took his appeal in due form to this court.
I. The sole question for our determination on this record is the propriety of the action of the circuit court in sustaining the motion of the defendants for a judgment in their favor on the pleadings. That the action of the probate court in changing, altering and modifying its judgment, made upon due notice to the administrator and in the presence of plaintiff and his counsel and the administrator and his counsel and after making the certificate of allowance against the individual estate of W. T. Walters, deceased, and assigning it to the fifth class of demands, and after having approved. the entry for the permanent, record in the presence of both parties, when the plaintiff and his counsel had left the county seat and gone to their respective homes some twenty miles distant, and without any notice to the plaintiff or his attorney of his intention to alter and change the said judgment entry by the interlineation of the matter set forth in italics in plaintiff’s petition, was without authority of law, there can be no question in the light of the decisions of this court, beginning with Caldwell v. Lockridge, 9 Mo. 358.
In that case it appeared that the administrator, Lockridge, had given the regular notice of his inten
The action of the probate court then in maMng the interlineations above noted without notice to the plaintiff Ault was without any justification in law, and cannot be too strongly disapproved. Were it not for other
But notwithstanding the unauthorized action of the court in making the interlineations indicated by the italics in plaintiff’s petition, it affirmatively appears that before those interlineations were made the court, as a part of its judgment of allowance of plaintiff’s claim against the individual estate of W. T. Walters, ordered, “that the claimant A. F. Ault shall credit this judgment with all the sums of money received by him on this claim and judgment against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston that has been allowed by this court against said partnership estate.” That is to say, the court found that this same claim which it was then allowing against the individual estate of W. T. Walters had already been allowed against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddelston by said court, and this is also averred in the answer of the administrator, and in the reply of the plaintiff it is alleged that the fact is “that said claim was presented and allowed against the individual estate of W. T. Walters, and against the partnership estate of Walters é Huddleston at the same time, and the provision in the allowance of the claim against the individual estate of W. T. Walters to the effect that any sums received from the partnership estate should be credited in the allowance against the individual estate of Walters, was inserted at the instance and request of the attorney of the administrator of W. T. Walters, as he claimed, to prevent a double collection of the claim.” Thus it appears that the plaintiff had this claim allowed against the partnership estate of Walters & Huddleston, as well as against the individual estate of W. T. Walters, and this accounts for the order of the court that plaintiff should credit the individual allowance with all sums received by him on his allowance against the partnership estate. In view of the law of this State in
These facts all established independently of the interlineations in the judgment of allowance, what was the status of plaintiff with respect to the individual estate of W. T. Walters? This question was answered in Hundley v. Farris, 103 Mo. 78, in which it was ruled that partnership creditors have a primary and exclusive claim upon the partnership assets of bankrupt and insolvent partners when the same are administered, and distributed, and individual creditors have the exclusive right to have their debts first satisfied out of the property of individual partners. [See, also, Phelps v. McNeely, 66 Mo. 554.] It was said in Hundley-Farris case that our statutes “looking to the classification of demands against the estate of a deceased member of a partnership and the distribution of his estate have no effect whatever on such priority. They were not intended to have any such effect. The well-settled equities in such cases are not to be thwarted or overthrown by mere methods of procedure, such as those statutes authorize. This point has frequently been thus ruled in States possessed of statutes similar to our own. [Rodgers v. Meranda, 7 Ohio St. l. c. 192; Irby v. Graham, 46 Miss. 425 ; Smith v. Mallory, 24 Ala. 628.] ..... Nor is the position here taken in any manner affected by our statute requiring all joint contracts to be construed as joint and several and making provision for suit against any one or more of those liable. This was the equity rule upon the occurrence of the death of a partner long before the enactment of the statute. [3 Kent’s Com., 64; 2 Bates on Partnership, 828, and cases cited.]”
From the pleadings, then, it appeared to the circuit court and now appears to this court, that this claim of the plaintiff was a partnership debt against the firm of Walters & Huddleston, and even if the court should strike out all the interlineations and changes made in the record of the allowance of which plaintiff complains, the fact would remain that this claim was a partnership debt and plaintiff is estopped by the record which he caused to be made by the probate court, from saying that it was not a partnership debt, or be placed in the unenviable attitude of having wrongfully obtained a judgment against the said partnership estate to which he was not entitled. The fact that the partnership debt was several as well as joint cannot affect the question as to it being primarily the debt of the firm, and certainly the judgment against the partnership estate cannot be set aside nor its force ignored in this collateral case. So that, while we will not countenance or in any manner approve the unauthorized action of the probate court in making the interlineations in its judgment without notice to the plaintiff, we are of the opinion that when all the facts are considered on this record, plaintiff has not shown himself injured thereby. The probate court could have allowed the claim properly- against both the individual and the partnership estate without attempting to direct the marshaling of the assets of the two estates and the settlement of the priorities, and left that to a time when all the claims had been allowed and the time had come for an order of distribution among creditors. Having reached the conclusion that, inasmuch as plaintiff established in the probate court that his debt was a partnership debt of Walters & Huddleston, and that therefore the individual creditors of W. T. Walters have a priority