Postconvietion applicant, William Dale Arnold, who had pursued both a direct appeal and an earlier postconvietion application challenging the same conviction now at issue, appeals from summary disposition of a second postconvietion application. The court of appeals reversed the district court’s summary disposition of Arnold’s application. That summary disposition had been premised on the district court’s conclusion that, in resisting the State’s motion for summary judgment, Arnold had not adequately demonstrated why the grounds for relief now being urged had not been presented in the earlier postconvietion proceeding. We agree with the district court that such a preliminary showing on Arnold’s part was required by Iowa Code section 822.8 (1995) and was not satisfactorily made. We therefore vacate the decision of the court of appeals and affirm the district court’s order dismissing Arnold’s application.
Arnold pleaded guilty in March of 1991 to the crime of criminal mischief in the second degree in violation of Iowa Code section 716.4 (1991). In that plea, he admitted that he had vandalized the home of George and Candace Strawn in Ames on November 1, 1990. Circumstances admitted by this guilty plea indicate that Arnold had sprayed the Strawn home with black paint, broken windows in the house, and had disconnected its electric power.
At the sentencing hearing, the State presented evidence that Arnold had once worked for George Strawn at the computation center operated by Iowa State University. Strawn had terminated Arnold’s employment because of poor performance. George Strawn testified that shortly after Arnold’s termination he had informed Strawn that he was “already dead.” George and Candace Strawn both testified that they later received numerous anonymous phone calls threatening them with harm. They attributed these calls to Arnold. Phone records presented at the sentencing hearing tended to corroborate that Arnold had made the calls. Although the State recommended that Arnold be granted probation, the district court sentenced him to an indeterminate five-year prison term.
Arnold appealed the conviction entered on his guilty plea, contending that the district court, in considering the Strawns’ testimony at time of sentencing, improperly relied on unprosecuted and unproven charges. He also claimed on his direct appeal that his trial counsel had been ineffective in several particulars. On January 6, 1992, this court affirmed Arnold’s conviction in an unpublished opinion. We rejected the claims concerning improper sentencing considerations without prejudice to the assertion of Arnold’s ineffective-assistance-of-eounsel claims in an application for postconvietion relief.
Arnold filed the present application for posteonvietion relief on March 25, 1994. It asserts that his counsel at the guilty plea proceeding was ineffective in allowing him to plead guilty when he was heavily medicated. It also asserts that the prosecutor was guilty of misconduct in agreeing to recommend probation but then offering evidence that aggravating circumstances were involved in Arnold’s commission of the offense. Finally, Arnold asserts in the latest posteonvietion application that the charge, which had been reduced from first-degree criminal mischief to second-degree criminal mischief, should have, in compliance with the plea bargain, been reduced to third-degree criminal mischief.
The State filed a motion for summary adjudication of Arnold’s second posteonvietion application, asserting, among other grounds, that he was unable to demonstrate why the grounds now urged had not been presented in the earlier posteonvietion application as required by section 822.8. The court scheduled a hearing on that motion on June 6, 1994, and the record reflects that this hearing was held. The proceedings were not reported. The record further reflects that, although Arnold had filed no resistance to the State’s motion for summary judgment prior to the June 6 hearing, the court extended the time for such resistance until June 10. A detailed, although unverified, resistance to the motion was filed on June 8. That resistance recited the circumstances of the guilty plea hearing, the sentencing hearing, and the prior posteonvietion relief proceeding. It concluded from the circumstances discussed and from Arnold’s interpretation of events that Arnold had not voluntarily or intelligently waived the three grounds upon which his second application for posteonvietion relief was based. The district court, in granting the motion for summary judgment, observed that the applicant had provided the court with
no evidence in the form of affidavits or otherwise, indicating the circumstances as to why these grounds were not raised in the original application. More is needed at this juncture than merely the statement that the applicant did not voluntarily or intelligently waive the three issues presented.
In his argument to the court of appeals and to this court, Arnold contends that, because the district court dismissed his application without the benefit of a recorded hearing, it is unclear how that court determined that there remained no genuine issues of material fact. He urges that a recorded hearing was required by Iowa Code section 822.7 (1995), which provides that:
The application shall be heard in, and before any judge of the court in which the conviction or sentence took place. However, if the applicant is seeking relief under section 822.2, subsection 6, the application shall be heard in, and before any judge of the court of the county in which the applicant is being confined. A record of the proceedings shall be made and preserved.
(Emphasis added.) The court of appeals gave a favorable reception to this argument and concluded that summary disposition hearings should be recorded to allow adequate appellate review of allegations pertain
We are convinced that the language in section 822.7, which we have italicized, has reference to evidentiary hearings on the merits of the claim. The extent to which hearings on motions for summary judgment should be reported in whole or in part will vary according to the circumstances of each individual case. We find no circumstance in the present ease that required the hearing to be recorded. We must assume from what transpired that the State orally argued the legal merits of its motion. The applicant was advised that he had not made timely resistance to the motion and was granted additional time within which to do so. That resistance was prepared in writing and filed of record two days after the hearing. Clearly, the district court’s rulings were based on the undisputed facts concerning the prior proceedings, the contentions in the State’s motion, and the contentions in defendant’s written resistance. Very little of this material was evidentiary in nature but, rather, was the expression of each party’s view concerning the legal consequences of prior proceedings. The failure to record the June 6 proceedings provides no basis for granting Arnold’s release.
Our inquiry does not end at this point. We must also consider whether the record reveals any genuine issues of material fact sufficient to defeat a grant of summary judgment. We recognized in
Foster v. State,
In response to the State’s motion for summary judgment, Arnold was required to show that his newly stated grounds for relief were not raised in his prior application because counsel representing him at that time acted below the range of normal competency. His resistance fell short of the mark in this regard.
Our cases recognize that, when an applicant’s assertions concerning the knowing and intelligent nature of a guilty plea are directly contradicted by the record, the applicant bears a special burden to establish that the record is inaccurate.
Earnest v. State,
The issue is perhaps less clear with respect to the claim involving the Strawns’ prejudicial testimony at the sentencing hearing. We conclude, however, that, given the strong desire of these two crime victims to address the court, it was highly unlikely that this information could have been kept out of the sentencing proceeding. It was very likely less damaging to Arnold to have it presented, as it was, in question and answer form, thus giving him a right to lodge objections and to cross-examination than if the Strawns had simply provided a narrative victim impact
We are satisfied that a challenge to the Strawn evidence at time of sentencing was not likely to have been a winning point had it been presented on Arnold’s previous posteonviction application. We therefore cannot conclude that a reasonable trier of fact could have found that Arnold’s former posteonviction counsel was ineffective for failing to urge this point. As we have recognized on direct appeals of criminal convictions, “counsel must be discerning in the determination of those issues to be presented on appeal with an idea of presenting the most effective argument for the client.”
Stringer v. State,
DECISION OF COURT OF APPEALS VACATED; DISTRICT COURT JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.