26 Wis. 145 | Wis. | 1870
The cause was decided, and the following opinion filed, in November, 1869.
This action was brought to recover for some colts and sheep of the plaintiff, which got on the defendant’s track and were killed. There is nothing in the evidence contained in the bill of exceptions, tending to show any negligence in 'the management of the train at the time of the killing; but it all relates to the question whether the fence through which the animals escaped on to the track was kept in proper repair by the company.
The defendant’s counsel, on the trial, objected to any evidence, on the ground that the complaint did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. If it could be assumed that the only cause of action attempted to be stated was based upon negligence of the company in repairing the fence, this objection probably should have been sustained. The allegation is, that the animals having strayed upon the track without any fault of the plaintiff, the company “ so carelessly and negligently rah and managed the said locomotive and cars, and the said railroad track, grounds and fences, that its said locomotive and cars ran against and over said horses and colts,” etc. This is the only allegation imputing any negligence in respect to the fence. A fence is from its nature incapable of any management or mismanagement, at the very time
But the objection seems to have been properly overruled for the reason that the complaint sufficiently alleges negligence in the management of the cars at the time of the. killing. They were capable of management at that time, in which negligence might occur. And the general allegation that they were so carelessly and negligently run and managed that by reason of such negligence the injury was caused, is sufficient.
But, as we hold the complaint sufficient upon this ground,' and insufficient upon the other, the question arises whether the motion for a new trial should have been granted, upon the ground that the verdict was against the evidence. If the bill of exceptions purported to contain all the evidence, we should be obliged to answer this question in the affirmative. As the complaint only states a cause of action for negligence in the management of the cars, there being no proof tending to show such negligence, the verdict should have been set aside. But the bill does not purport to contain all the evidence, and it is then always presumed that there was other evidence, justifying the rulings of the court below. The fact that this evidence
The only other questions relate to the instructions asked by the defendant, and refused. Most of those asked were given, and the charge, as a whole, was very fair, and all that the defendant could ask, unless there Avas error in the refusal of one or two.
The court refused to charge that “the defendant was required to exercise only ordinary care and diligence in maintaining the fence along its road.” The question presented by this refusal is somewhat similar in principle to that discussed in the opinion of this court in Ward v. The Town of Jefferson, 24 Wis. 342. That related to an injury from a defect in a highway. And the judgment was reversed because the court told the jury that the town was only bound to use ordinary care and diligence in keeping the highway in repair. But that conclusion was based upon the facts, that the statute imposed an absolute duty upon towns to make their .roads sufficient, and that the defect there complained of was one that had long existed, and related to the original sufficiency of the road. For these reasons it was held not to be a question of care and diligence, but a simple question whether the town had ever complied with the imperative requirement of the statute to make the road sufficient. And the case was distinguished from one where the road was once properly constructed, and, by some accident or unforeseen event, got suddenly out of repair. In the latter case it was conceded that a question of care and diligence would arise.
The duty imposed by statute upon railroad companies, to fence their roads and keep the fences in repair, and the liability for all injuries animals arising from neglect to do this, are as absolute as those imposed on towns in respect to highways. But in this case, the question, as to a part of the animals at least, arises upon a defect occurring in the fence after it had
It is a question of qualifying a liability imposed by statute, which in its terms is absolute. And it does not seem unreasonable to say, that in such a case reasonable diligence is a high degree of diligence, exceeding that which men in general exercise in their own affairs. The case above cited from Illinois seems to
The other instruction refused was properly refused, because it ignored the possibility of negligence, or of wilfulness and design, at the time of the killing.
By the Court. — The judgment is affirmed, with costs.
A motion for a rehearing was dehied at the June term, 1870.