American Tours, Inc. v. Liberty Mutual Insurance, 68 N.C. App. 668

68 N.C. App. 668 | N.C. Ct. App. | 1984

WEBB, Judge.

We affirm the judgment of the superior court. At the time of the accident G.S. 20-281 provided in part:

“From and after July 1, 1953, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to engage in the business of renting or leasing motor vehicles to the public for operation by the rentee or lessee unless such person, firm or corporation has secured insurance for his own liability and that of his rentee or lessee, in such an amount as is hereinafter provided.Each such motor vehicle leased or rented must be covered by a policy of liability insurance insuring the owner and rentee or lessee and their agents and employees while in the performance of their duties against loss from any liability imposed by law for damages . . . subject to the following minimum limits: . . . five thousand dollars ($5,000) because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident.”

Pursuant to the requirement of the statute, Liberty Mutual provided a liability policy to Borough. The policy does not say that agents of lessees are covered. So far as we can determine, there has been no case which has dealt with the question of whether the requirements of G.S. 20-281 are a part of an automobile lessor’s liability insurance policy. In interpreting G.S. 20-279.21, our Supreme Court said “the provisions of a statute applicable to insurance policies are a part of the policy to the same extent as if therein written . . . .” Insurance Co. v. Casualty Co., 283 N.C. 87, 91, 194 S.E. 2d 834, 837 (1973). We see no reason why this rule should not apply to G.S. 20-281. We hold that the statutory requirement of G.S. 20-281 that an automobile lessor’s liability policy covers agents of the lessee is a part of the policy issued by Liberty Mutual to Borough, and an agent of Mr. Mobley at the time of the accident was covered.

The superior court concluded that Beverly Mobley Ham was an agent of Robert Mobley at the time of the accident. We believe this conclusion is correct. In driving the vehicle to his place of employment she was acting on his behalf and subject to his control. See Restatement (Second) of Agency § 1 (1958) for a definition of agency. If she was his agent, she was covered by the policy although Mr. Mobley violated the terms of the lease by letting her drive the automobile.

The defendant argues that G.S. 20-281 does not apply to agents of a lessee. The defendant says the first sentence of the statute defines the réquired coverage and it does not include agents of the lessee. It contends that to read the second sentence of the statute to require that agents of a lessee be covered interprets the statute to hold that the legislature gives a direct statement of purpose in the first sentence and materially alters the purpose in the second sentence. We do not believe the two sentences are in conflict. As we read them, the second sentence prescribes in more detail the coverage required by the first sentence.

The defendant also argues that the superior court erred in holding that Beverly Mobley Ham was the agent of Mr. Mobley at the time of the accident. It contends he knew he was violating the terms of the lease agreement when he allowed a person under 21 years of age to drive the automobile. We do not believe the fact that Mr. Mobley knowingly violated the terms of the lease agreement kept his daughter from being his agent if she otherwise fit the description. The defendant contends further that allowing Mr. Mobley to create an agency with his daughter broadens the scope of the coverage. We do not believe this is correct. If the policy covers agents of the lessee, its scope is not broadened when an agent is covered. The defendant argues further that it should be against public policy to allow Mr. Mobley to better himself by breaching his contract. There is also a policy against uninsured automobiles being on the highway. If the interpretation of the statute and insurance contract is to be based on policy, we believe this policy should prevail.

Finally, the defendant argues that if it is to be liable it should only be liable in the amount of $5,000, the statutory minimum at the time of the accident. It relies on Woodruff v. Insurance Co., 260 N.C. 723, 133 S.E. 2d 704 (1963) and Caison v. Insurance Co., 36 N.C. App. 173, 243 S.E. 2d 429 (1978), later appealed, 45 N.C. App. 30, 262 S.E. 2d 296 (1980). In each of those cases the insurance company had provided coverage in excess of that required by Chapter 20, Article 9A of the General Statutes. G.S. 20-279.21(g) provides specifically that any coverage which a policy provides in excess of or in addition to required coverage shall not be subject to the provisions of Article 9A. Relying on G.S. 20-279.21(g), the Courts in Woodruff and Caison held that as to excess coverage, the terms of the policy and not the statutory provision should govern. G.S. 20-281, which controls this case, is a part of Article 11 of Chapter 20. G.S. 20-279.21(g) does not apply to it. We have held that Liberty Mutual has provided coverage to Beverly Mobley Ham. We hold that Liberty Mutual is liable for the full amount of coverage provided.

Insurance Co. v. Broughton, 283 N.C. 309, 196 S.E. 2d 243 (1973) deals with G.S. 20-281 but there is not a question of agency involved in that case. It has no application to this case.

Affirmed.

Judges Wells and Whichard concur.