156 Minn. 431 | Minn. | 1923
Plaintiff, a corporation organized under the laws of the state of North Dakota, with its principal place of business in that state, on July 17, 1919, duly complied with the foreign corporation laws of this state (G. S. 1913, §§ 6206-6208), and thereby became authorized to transact business therein. Thereafter, by and through its agents, the company entered into an executory contract for the sale to defendants, residents of this state, of certain North Dakota lands upon the terms and stipulations specified in the written agreement. The transaction took place in this state, and, according to the findings of the trial court, which we accept as correct, was a Minnesota con
The trial court sustained the plea in abatement, and, for the reasons stated therein, there being no dispute as to the facts, ordered a dismissal of the action. Plaintiff appealed from an order denying a new trial.
The only question presented by the record we deem necessary to consider is whether there was error in the conclusion of the trial court that because of plaintiff’s withdrawal from business activities
The facts are not in dispute. Plaintiff had complied with our statutes in all respects and was authorized to engage in the transaction of its business in this state. The contract involved in and made the basis of the judgment upon which this action is founded, was entered into in this state, during the period of such authority, with defendants who were then and are still residing therein. The authority so vested in the company was in full force and effect at the time of the recovery of the judgment in North Dakota, and at the time this action thereon was commenced in this state, although the company was not then and for several prior months had not been transacting any business therein, other than the collection of money due on former transactions.
In that state of the facts it is clear, on principle as well as on authority, that the attempt of plaintiff to withdraw from the state was wholly ineffectual for any purpose. Notwithstanding the steps taken in that respect, the corporation, as to all unadjusted transactions theretofore entered into with citizens of the state, remained in this state, in contemplation of law, subject to the jurisdiction of its courts by the service of process in the manner provided by the license. The prevailing rule of the courts on the subject is that the issuance of the license and grant of authority by necessary implication of law vests in every citizen of the state, with whom business transactions are had under the authority so conferred, the right of adjustment in the courts of the state of any and all controversies subsequently arising therefrom. It is a substantial right and interest which the corporation cannot by ex parte action directly or indirectly destroy, take away or materially impair by revoking the authority of the designated agent, wholly withdrawing from the state, or otherwise. 14A. C. J. 1377, note 75.
The rule arises at common law and is designed to prevent a miscarriage of justice, through the effort of the corporation to avoid the jurisdiction of the state by quietly withdrawing therefrom on the appearance of probable litigation therein. Brown-Ketcham Iron Works v. Geo. B. Swift & Co. 53 Ind. App. 630, 100 N. E. 584, 860.
Provisions of irrevocability found in some of the statutes of other states are but declaratory of the common law and unnecessary to support the rule. While the statute involved in Magoffin v. Mutual R. F. L. Assn. 87 Minn. 260, 91 N. W. 1115, 94 Am. St. 699, contained such a clause that was not necessarily the basis of the decision rendered therein, as the discussion in the opinion points out. But that statute is not here before the court. Nor need it in such cases be shown that at the commencement of the suit the company was in fact still doing business in the state. Moulin v. Trenton Mut. Life & Fire Ins. Co. 25 N. J. Law, 57; 21 R. C. L. 1344, and citations. A different rule is applied where the foreign corporation enters the state for the transaction of business without a compliance with its laws, subsequently withdrawing altogether. In a case of that kind, the presence of the corporation being unlawful, we have held that a showing must be made that the company was doing business in the state at the time of the commencement of the suit. Louis F. Dow Co. v. First Nat. Bank, 153 Minn. 19, 189 N. W. 653. But the rule of that decision has no application at bar.
It follows that the attempted withdrawal of plaintiff and the surrender of its license to the secretary of state was a nullity and wholly ineffectual for any purpose. The corporation is still within the jurisdiction of the state and subject to any suit or action upon this or any other transaction there éntered into with a citizen thereof, precisely as though no withdrawal had been attempted.
For the reasons given in the foregoing opinion, prepared by the late Chief Justice Brown and in harmony with the views of the court, the order is reversed and cause remanded for further proceedings.