Altman v. United States Securities and Exchange Commission

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Steven ALTMAN, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, Mary L. Schapiro, Chairman, Elizabeth M. Murphy, Secretary, Defendants-Appellees.

Docket No. 11-2074-cv.

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

Submitted: May 25, 2012. Decided: June 12, 2012.

687 F.3d 44

ing the rent, shall have quiet enjoyment of the garage.” Paragraph 27 states that Penske “shall have and hold the garage until” the separate vehicle lease agreement between the parties is terminated. Fernandes argues that because the lease states that Penske would “have quiet enjoyment of the garage” and would “have and hold the garage,” the term “garage” as used throughout the lease, including the repair obligation in paragraph 29, must be read to be coterminous with the entire leased premises. We do not agree. The “quiet enjoyment” and “have and hold” provisions are separate obligations from the repair provision.

The lease did not obligate AGAR to maintain or repair the tire shed, so Fernandes cannot hold AGAR liable under the test set out by the SJC in

Humphrey.

III.

We hold that under Massachusetts law, AGAR owed no duty of care to Fernandes, so his negligence claim must fail.

The district court‘s decision is affirmed.

Steven Altman, pro se, New York, NY, Plaintiff-Appellant.

Christopher M. Bruckmann, Senior Counsel, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. (Mark D. Cahn, General Counsel, Michael Conley, Deputy General Counsel, Richard M. Humes, Associate General Counsel, Melinda Hardy, Assistant General Counsel, Donna S. McCaffrey, Special Trial Counsel, on the brief), for Defendants-Appellees.

Before: HALL, CARNEY, Circuit Judges, and SCHEINDLIN, District Judge.¹

PER CURIAM:

Plaintiff-Appellant Steven Altman, an attorney admitted to practice in New York, appeals from an order of the district court (Holwell, J.) dismissing his complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction because Section 25(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provides a comprehensive remedial scheme that required Altman to appeal an SEC debarment order to a court of appeals. See

Altman v. SEC, 768 F.Supp.2d 554, 558-62 (S.D.N.Y.2011). Altman filed the complaint in the district court against the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or the “Commission“) seeking injunctive relief in the form of an order staying the SEC administrative proceedings against him and compelling the SEC to vacate its decision sanctioning him with a lifetime ban from practicing before the Commission. At the time his complaint was filed, the SEC had banned Altman because he had “engaged in unethical and improper professional conduct while representing [a] prospective witness” in SEC administrative proceedings, to wit: seeking a financial pay package for his client in exchange for having his client either (1) evade being subpoenaed to appear before the SEC or (2) in the event his client testified, purposely not cooperate or falsely testify to relevant facts. Finding that Altman‘s action violated its own rules and the New York Rules of Professional Conduct, the SEC issued a lifetime ban preventing him from ever appearing or practicing again before the SEC, pursuant to Rule 102(e)(1)(ii) of the Commission‘s Rules of Practice, 17 C.F.R. § 201.102(e)(1)(ii), and Section 4C of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. § 78d-3(a)(2). In the complaint, Altman contends that the actions of the Commission deprived him of equal protection and due process and that the Commission acted without constitutional or statutory authority in sanctioning him based on violations of New York‘s disciplinary rules.² Section 25(a) of the Exchange Act, however, provides that a “person aggrieved” by a final SEC order obtains “review of the order in the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit in which he resides or has his principal place of business, or for the District of Columbia Circuit.” 15 U.S.C. § 78y(a)(1) (emphasis added). Review provisions such as this generally preclude de novo review in the district courts, requiring litigants to bring challenges “in the Court of Appeals or not at all.”

City of Tacoma v. Taxpayers of Tacoma, 357 U.S. 320, 336, 78 S.Ct. 1209, 2 L.Ed.2d 1345 (1958); see also

Touche Ross & Co. v. SEC, 609 F.2d 570, 574 (2d Cir.1979).

Altman argues that the plain language of Section 25(a) does not preclude review in the district court. He also argues that our decision in

Touche Ross, 609 F.2d 570, supports his position that he need not exhaust administrative remedies or bring an action in a court of appeals. He contends that the Supreme Court decisions in

Thunder Basin Coal Co. v. Reich, 510 U.S. 200, 114 S.Ct. 771, 127 L.Ed.2d 29 (1994), and

Free Enterprise Fund v. Pub. Co. Accounting Oversight Bd., — U.S. —, 130 S.Ct. 3138, 177 L.Ed.2d 706 (2010), supply the district court with subject matter jurisdiction.

The district court disposed of each of these arguments, holding that Section 25(a) does, under this Circuit‘s precedent, supply the jurisdictional route that Altman must follow to challenge the SEC action in this case. It also correctly held that the exception identified in

Touche Ross did not apply, and that none of the factors in

Thunder Basin/

Free Enterprise militated in favor of district court jurisdiction. See

Touche Ross, 609 F.2d at 574 (concluding that, in situations where a litigant challenges a final Commission decision, the litigant must first exhaust administrative remedies);

Free Enterprise, 130 S.Ct. at 3150 (discussing factors that indicate whether non-exhaustion constitutes a bar).

Having considered the various arguments Altman presents in the instant appeal, we affirm the order of the district court for the reasons set forth in Judge Holwell‘s thorough and well-reasoned opinion. See

Altman v. SEC, 768 F.Supp.2d 554, 558-62 (S.D.N.Y.2011).

Notes

1

The Honorable Shira A. Scheindlin, United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, sitting by designation.

2

Altman has since challenged the SEC‘s order in the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. There he raised essentially the same arguments as those made to the district court here. The D.C. Circuit has now rejected the arguments and affirmed the lifetime ban. See

Altman v. SEC, 666 F.3d 1322 (D.C.Cir.2011).

Case Details

Case Name: Altman v. United States Securities and Exchange Commission

Court Name: Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

Date Published: Jun 12, 2012

Citation: 687 F.3d 44

Docket Number: Docket 11-2074-cv

Court Abbreviation: 2d Cir.