94 So. 296 | Ala. | 1922
Appellant sued appellee in ejectment for the recovery of certain described lands situated in Walker county. Upon the conclusion of the evidence the court gave, at the request of the defendant, the general affirmative charge in his favor, and from the judgment for the defendant the plaintiff has prosecuted this appeal.
The parties to this suit are brothers, and the plaintiff claims from a deed executed by their father, S. T. Allumns, who had owned and been in possession of the land for a long number of years. S. T. Allumns had married a second time, and at the time of the execution of the instrument in question he was residing upon this land with his wife, the stepmother of the parties to this litigation.
On December 28, 1918, S. T. Allumns and his wife, Katie Allumns, executed the instrument upon which the plaintiff relies for recovery, the proper construction of which presents the question of prime importance upon this appeal.
Counsel for appellee insist that this instrument should be construed as a will and not a deed. Deeds with reservation of a life estate to the grantor are of common usage, and in questions of this character the intention of the maker is of controlling inquiry — which intention is to be gathered primarily from the language of the instrument itself. Sharpe v. Hall,
The following clause in this deed gives rise to the controversy between the parties:
"This deed is made to J. T. Allumns and become effective at my death that the said J. T. Allumns is [to] take charge of the above lands as my home or take care of S. T. Allumns and wife during his [or their] life after death this deed become effective."
Counsel for appellee insist that in the foregoing clause the words "during his life" were originally written "during their life," and that this change was made after the deed was recorded. The original is sent to this court for inspection. The justice of the peace who took the acknowledgment and wrote the deed insists that all alterations were made by him at the time of its execution. The evidence, however, is not convincing that this alteration was made after its recordation. The argument for appellee is further advanced that reading the foregoing language as "during their life" instead of "during his life" discloses the clear intention on the part of the grantor to postpone the enjoyment of the estate to the grantee until after the death of each of the grantors, S. T. Allumns and his wife, so as to bring the case within the influence of Williams v. Woodruff,
We are unable, however, to agree with this contention in construing this instrument. It is a well-recognized rule that each word shall be presumed to be used for some purpose, and shall be deemed to have some force and effect. Chatt. Gulf R. Co. v. Pilcher,
The language upon which counsel for appellee lay such stress relates to an obligation on the part of the grantee to care for S. T. Allumns and his wife during their lives. After this expression is the language "after death this deed become effective," but it does not say after the death of each of the grantors; and, to say the least of it from the language used, it is doubtful that such was intended, but rather it would appear that these words were meant as repetition by way of emphasis of the language first used in the clause, that the deed was to become effective at "my death."
Construing the words "during their life" as having reference only to the obligation to care for both of the grantors, and not as intending to qualify the previous expression as to the time the deed was to become effective, permits a proper scope to each word used in the clause, and harmonizes its language, while to give the clause the construction as contended by counsel for appellee would result in a very material modification of the first sentence of the clause by its concluding language, which is of doubtful meaning. This is contrary to proper rules of construction. The grantor has stated that the deed is to become effective at his death, and this clear declaration on his part should not *371 be annulled by language of doubtful import following. We are therefore of the opinion that the court below erred in the construction of this deed, and in giving the affirmative charge at the defendant's request.
It is further urged by appellee's counsel that the affirmative charge was justified upon the ground of variance upon the question of description. This question of variance, however, only relates to the second count of the complaint, designated count A, added by way of amendment. It has no reference to the first count, which remained as the original complaint, and the affirmative charge given was not directed as to any particular count.
There is also some question raised as to the sufficiency of the appeal bond. Whatever defects may have existed in this respect were such errors and irregularities as were easily curable. The objection now presented for the first time in brief is without material effect upon this appeal. Sections 2885, 2886, Code 1907.
The judgment will be reversed, and the cause remanded.
Reversed and remanded.
ANDERSON, C. J., and SAYRE and MILLER, JJ., concur.