139 Mich. 296 | Mich. | 1905
Thisais the second time this suit has been before us. Our first decision will be found reported in 130 Mich. 626.
Plaintiff sues to recover $5,000, which he claims to have advanced as surety for defendants in payment of six notes on which he and defendants were the joint makers. After the former judgment was reversed in this court, defend
The issue thus made was tried before a court and jury; defendants offering testimony which tended to establish the claim stated in their notice, and the plaintiff offering testimony denying the same. The case was submitted to a jury, who rendered a verdict of no cause of action. Plaintiff asks us to reverse the judgment entered on said verdict for various reasons, which, so far as needful, will be considered and discussed in this opinion.
Plaintiff insists that the contract relied upon by defendants is void for indefiniteness and want of mutuality. It is true that in certain particulars the contract is indefinite. For instance, it does not appear precisely what kind of machinery is to be bought or what kind of staves manufactured. It is impossible to believe that such indefi
Neither can it be said that there was such an uncertainty as to the duration of the stave business as to render the contract void. The business was to be carried on “so long as they could get sufficient timber for that purpose in the locality of the mill.” In Raymond v. White, 119 Mich. 443, where it was agreed that certain payments should be made “as long as defendant should continue to use ” the inventions of plaintiff, this court held that “the time that the contract was to continue was not uncertain.”
In this connection, we should'; notice plaintiff’s contention that the agreement that defendants should buy from him supplies, “ as far as they reasonably could do,” is not enforceable. If so, this is only one of several agreements made by defendants which constituted the consideration for plaintiff’s agreement, and it would not, therefore, affect the latter’s obligation to perform his agreement. See Wesleyan Seminary v. Fisher, 4 Mich. 515.
Defendants obtained a verdict upon the assumption that they and plaintiff entered into a joint enterprise. Plaintiff contends that this assumption is erroneous. He insists that, according to the testimony of defendants, the parties were not engaged in a joint enterprise. It is true that the contract establishhd by defendants’ testimony did not create a partnership between themselves and plaintiff, and that the mill continued to be the mill of defendants. But it is none the less true that that contract made plaintiff and defendants jointly interested in the business of manufacturing and selling staves, and this business may properly be described as a joint enterprise.
The trial court charged that, if the business venture failed by reason of plaintiff’s breach of contract, defendants could recover as damages “whatever loss was occasioned to them by reason of such breach. * * * The damages must be such as grow directly out of the breach,” and “would be limited to the actual outlay on expense incurred in changing over the heading business to the stave business, on account of the contract relations requiring that to be done. * * * Of course, you may take into account not only the expense * * * of changing over this mill as far as machinery is concerned, but the necessary labor, its fair value according to the proof, * * * that would be an element of damage, also.” Notwithstanding the various objections urged by plaintiff, we think he cannot complain of this charge.
In Harrow Spring Co. v. Harrow Co., 90 Mich. 147, we said in a case like that at bar, “the injured party is clearly entitled to recover his damages for expenses incurred in good faith in anticipation of performance by the other party.” This decision answers, with one exception, all of plaintiff’s objections to the above charge. That exception arises from his contention that the measure of damages where one fails to advance money as agreed is the excess in interest which the borrower is compelled to pay to procure the money elsewhere. This principle is applied, as appears from the cases cited by appellant, where the defaulting party failed to advance money which he had promised to loan. In such cases the law presumes that the borrower can obtain money elsewhere, and the increased rate of interest therefore furnishes full compensation for his damages. Those cases and the principle underlying
Plaintiff complains because the court did not of his own motion direct the attention of the jury to specific items of damages, concerning which there was a conflict of testimony. The charge of the court gave the jury a correct general rule by which they should determine the allowance or disallowance of these items. There is nothing to show, and we cannot presume, that the jury erred in applying that rule. Had the plaintiff desired a more specific charge concerning any of these items, he should have requested it, and, as he did not do so, he cannot now complain. See Anderson Carriage Co. v. Pungs, 134 Mich. 474.
Defendants’ title to a part of the machinery damaged by the breach of contract was defective, and plaintiff complains because the trial court ruled that this circumstance could not be considered in reducing damages. Is plaintiff in a situation to question that title ? There is no privity between plaintiff and the real owner of the property. He is not liable to such owner. Up to the time of trial such owner had never asserted his title, and he may never assert it. If defendants’ title is defective, they would be liable to the real owner for the damages caused by plaintiff’s breach of the contract, while plaintiff would be under no such liability. It follows that the flaw in defend
Complaint is made because the court did not give the following instruction preferred by plaintiff:
“The notice of recoupment alleges that plaintiff ‘was doing a wholesale grocery business under the firm name of George A. Alderton & Co.’ But the proofs show that the firm of George A. Alderton & Co. was composed of George A. Alderton, Albert Alderton, and John McPhillips. This allegation relates to the consideration of the contract, for the alleged breach of which defendants make their claim of damages, and there is therefore a fatal variance between the pleading and the proof, and for that reason defendants cannot be allowed anything under their claim for recoupment.”
Plaintiff must have known precisely what business defendants intended to describe. He was not, therefore, misled by the slightly inaccurate description in defendants’ notice. He .did not raise the objection until he preferred this request at the conclusion of the trial. We have held “that where testimony was introduced, and the party relying upon a variance made no objection on that ground until his request to charge, when it was brought to the attention of the court for the first time, it was too late, and the objection would be deemed waived.” Merkle v. Township of Bennington, 68 Mich. 142; Stone v. Covell, 29 Mich. 359. No other complaint demands discussion.
The judgment is affirmed, with costs.