185 S.E. 762 | N.C. | 1936
DEVIN, J., took no part in the consideration or decision of this case. This is an action instituted by a wife to have a reasonable subsistence and counsel fees allotted and paid or secured to her from the estate or earnings of her husband, under section 1667 of the Consolidated Statutes. The plaintiff alleged and offered evidence tending to prove that her husband, the defendant, offered such indignities to her person as to render her condition intolerable and her life burdensome, and maliciously turned her out of doors, and wrongfully abandoned her. The defendant made general denial of the plaintiff's allegations and, by amended answer, alleged that the plaintiff had committed adultery since her marriage to him, and offered evidence tending to establish such allegation.
The court submitted the following issues:
"1. Were the plaintiff and the defendant legally married, as alleged in the complaint?
"2. Did the defendant offer such indignities to the person of the plaintiff as to render her condition intolerable and life burdensome, as alleged in the complaint? *113
"3. Did the defendant, on 6 November, 1933, wrongfully, unlawfully, maliciously, and without cause upon the part of the plaintiff, turn the plaintiff out of doors, as alleged in the complaint?
"4. Did the defendant wrongfully and unlawfully abandon the plaintiff, as alleged in the complaint?
"5. Did the plaintiff commit adultery, as alleged in the answer?"
The jury answered the first and third issues "Yes," and the fifth issue "No," and under instructions of the court left the second and fourth issues unanswered.
From judgment directing that he allot, pay, and secure reasonable subsistence and counsel fees to the plaintiff, the defendant appealed, assigning errors. The appellant makes nine assignments of error and brings them all forward in his brief. The first four are to the court's rulings upon the admission and the exclusion of evidence, the next four to portions of the charge, and the last to the refusal of the court to set aside the verdict and to the judgment as rendered.
The first assignment of error to the rulings upon the evidence (exceptions 2 and 3) is to the court's permitting a witness, Mrs. Stokes, to testify that she saw the plaintiff and saw that she had a black eye and that she was nervous. This evidence was competent to corroborate the plaintiff, who had previously testified that her husband had repeatedly struck her in the face, and that she was in constant fear of him. "Evidence which would be inadmissible to prove the main facts in issue may often be admitted to corroborate a witness." Lockhart's N.C. Handbook of Evidence, par. 282, p. 334.
The second assignment of error to the rulings upon the evidence (exceptions 4, 5, 6, and 7) is to the refusal of the court to allow certain witnesses to testify in effect that the treatment by the defendant of his first wife, now deceased, was good. The defendant contends that such testimony was rendered competent because the plaintiff had testified that the defendant had told her, while beating her, that he killed his first wife and got away with it, and that he was going to kill her, and because Mrs. Tucker, a witness for the plaintiff, had testified: "It (the general character of the defendant) is very good as to outsiders, but very cruel to both of his wives, is what I have always heard." This assignment is untenable. The issues in this case involved the defendant's treatment of *114 the plaintiff, his present wife, and not his treatment of his former wife, now dead. It was competent for the plaintiff to testify what the defendant said to her as tending to establish an "indignity to her person," and the defendant was at liberty to deny, as he did, the making of such statement. The statement made by Mrs. Tucker was admissible as a voluntary qualification of her testimony as to the general character of the defendant. It was open to the defendant to meet this evidence, as he did, with evidence tending to show his good character and general reputation.
The third assignment of error to the rulings upon the evidence (exception 9) is to the court's sustaining an objection to the question propounded to and the answer made by the witness Parkerson, as follows: "Q. Have you seen them there before? A. Several times before she was married." The persons referred to in the question were the plaintiff and a man not her husband and the place referred to was the place where the witness had testified that he had seen the plaintiff and this man in the act of adultery about 20 days before her separation from her husband, the defendant. It would seem that this evidence was incompetent, since the issue was whether the plaintiff had committed adultery after her marriage to the defendant, but, however that may be, any error, if committed, was rendered harmless by the later testimony of the same witness, both on cross and redirect examination, when he said that he had seen the plaintiff and this same man go to the same place three or four times and have sexual intercourse before the plaintiff married the defendant. Baynes v. Harris,
The fourth assignment of error to the rulings upon the evidence (exception 10) is to the court's overruling an objection to the testimony of the witness, Mrs. Tucker, as to the character of the defendant. The record is as follows: "Q. Do you know his (defendant's) general reputation? A. Yes, sir. Q. What is it? A. Very good to outsiders, but very cruel to both wives, is what I have always heard." This assignment is untenable. While a witness on direct examination can only be asked about general character, "the witness may say on his own motion what a person's character is good or bad for — give particular traits — but cannot be asked about such particular traits on direct examination." Lockhart's N.C. Handbook of Evidence, par. 195, p. 231.
The fifth assignment of error (exception 11) is to that portion of the charge as follows: "Plaintiff contends that even if you find that she had been unfaithful to him on the occasion testified to by one of the witnesses, that the defendant himself testified that he did not know it at that time, and didn't find out until after the separation, and that, therefore, *115
his conduct was not caused by her infidelity, and his treatment was not provoked and not caused by any conduct of hers, and that you should answer that issue `Yes.'" The objection upon which this assignment is based cannot be sustained since it was a statement of a contention and was not called to the attention of the court during the course of the trial. An objection to a statement of a contention must be made promptly in order to give the court an opportunity to make correction, and if not so made, such objection will be considered as waived. S. v. Sinodis,
The sixth assignment of error (exception 12) is to the charge and is directed to the following statement: "The fifth issue is based upon the affirmative defense set out in the answer. He alleges that during the period of coverture the plaintiff committed adultery. The fifth issue is, `Did the plaintiff commit adultery, as alleged in the answer?' That is, did she commit adultery during the period of coverture, that is, after she was married? There is some evidence of her misconduct prior to the marriage. Even if that was so, that would be no defense to this question. The question is for you to say whether after she was married to him she was unfaithful, that is, whether she had carnal knowledge of some other man."
The appellant says in his brief that "This statement of the court completely eliminated the evidence of the witness Parkerson that he had seen the plaintiff and Coy Smith at or near his hog pen a number of times, prior to her marriage, it being the same place where he testified he saw them have intercourse after her marriage." We are at a loss to see how this statement "eliminated" any evidence. It appears to us, and we so hold it to be a correct statement of law applicable to the fifth issue.
Under the seventh assignment of error (exception 13), which is to the charge, the appellant urges as error that, in stating the contentions of the parties, the court utilized only two-thirds of a page in stating the defendant's contentions and utilized two pages in stating the plaintiff's contentions. The defendant presented no written request for special instructions and asked for the presentation of no other contentions, and does not now state what instructions or contentions not given should have been given. "Unpointed" and "broadside" exceptions to the charge cannot be maintained. Rawls v. Lupton,
The eighth assignment of error (exception 14) is to the action and charge of the court, as indicated from the following excerpt from the record: "After the jury had been out for some time, the court sent for the jury and inquired of them in open court whether they had been able to agree. The jury responded that they had not. The court then inquired whether the jury could agree on either one of the 2d 3d, or 4th issues. They responded in the affirmative. The court then instructed the jury that if they could agree upon the first and fifth issues and on either the 2d 3d, or 4th issues, and they answered either the 2d 3d, or 4th issues `Yes,' then they could return that as their verdict."
The second, third, and fourth issues presented three separate grounds for divorce a mensa et thoro. All of these grounds were alleged in the complaint, but it was not necessary for the plaintiff to establish all of them in order to sustain her action. It was sufficient under the statute, C. S., 1667, if she established the defendant's guilt of any of the acts that would constitute a cause for divorce from bed and board as enumerated in C. S., 1660.
By its affirmative answer to the third issue, the jury found that the defendant unlawfully, maliciously, and without cause turned the plaintiff out of doors, as alleged in the complaint. The establishment of this fact, together with the fact of the marriage and the finding against the defendant on his defense of adultery, was all that was necessary to support a judgment in favor of the plaintiff for alimony without divorce. This being true, it was useless to have the jury continue its consideration of the second and fourth issues. Even if the jury had answered both of these issues against her, the plaintiff would still have been entitled to judgment, and for that reason the defendant suffered no harm by the failure of the jury to answer the second and fourth issues.
The ninth assignment of error (exception 16) is directed to the refusal of the court to set aside the verdict and to the judgment as rendered. This assignment is formal and its disposition follows the disposal made of the assignments that preceded it.
This is an action in which the evidence was conflicting and in which clear cut issues of fact were presented. The jury, in a trial free from prejudicial error, have answered these issues in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant, and the defendant must abide the consequences.
No error.
DEVIN, J., took no part in the consideration or decision of this case. *117
