delivered the opinion of the court.
This is an action in the nature of an action of ejectment. At the trial the plaintiff gave evidence of an entry with the register and receiver of the land office at St. Louis of the land in question by Sally Adams, his ancestor.
The court, at the instance of the defendant, gave the following instruction: “ If the jury find that the land now in controversy was, at the date of Missouri becoming a sovereign State, a mere sand-bar in the Mississippi river which began to be formed no earlier than 1814, and at the time when Missouri became such State was wholly unfit for cultivation; was overflowed at all times by ordinary high water; had not been surveyed, or in any way claimed as public land belonging to the United States ; then prior to said admission no title was obtained under the preemption papers read in evidence, and the plaintiff cannot recover.” Judgment was given for defendant, and the plaintiff appealed to this court. If that instruction be.imderstood to mean that the State of Missouri as sovereign acquired title to said land, because it was formed as land since the State had legal existence, it is no doubt erroneous. (See Jones v. Soulard, 24 Howard’s Rep. 41.)
It appears, however, from the record that the plaintiff’s title depends upon the entry made by Sally Adams. That entry was similar to an entry made by Robert Duncan, and cancelled in the same manner and by the same acts by which Dxmcan’s entry was cancelled. Duncan’s entry was examined and considered by the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Kissell v. The St. Louis Public Schools, 18th Howard, 19, and declared to be void, and that decision was expressly reaffirmed in the case of Jones v. Soulard, in 24th Howard.
Under these circumstances we must consider the entry of Sally Adams to be void, and the plaintiff has therefore shown no title.
Therefore, in the judgment rendered by the court below there is no error materially affecting the merits of the action.
Judgment affirmed.