Abeytia v. Spiegelberg, 20 N.M. 614

Abeytia v. Spiegelberg

20 N.M. 614 | N.M. | 1915

OPINION OP THE COURT.

BOBEBT'S, C. J.

— On the 26th day of March, 1915, an order was entered in the district court of Santa 'Fé county, granting appellants an appeal from 'a judgment and decree in partition, theretofore entered in said court. Appellants failed to file a cost bond within 30 days, as -directed by the statute, or a supersedeas bond within 60 days, as authorized by the statute. On the 10th day of June, more than 70 daj's after the appeal had been allowed, no cost bond having been filed, appellees appeared in the district court and filed a paper, denominated a “motion,” in which they set forth the date of the allowance of the appeal, the fact that no cost bond or supersedeas bond had been filed, and asked that the appeal in the district court, or in the proper court, should be “annulled, avoided, and held for naught.” Later appellants applied to the district court for an order extending their time within which to “settle and sign the bill of exceptions.” Appellees appeared and objected to the court enlarging the time, on the ground that no cost bond or supersedeas bond had been filed. The court entered an order extending the time for 60 days within which to have the bill of exceptions, settled and signed. Thereafter appellants filed the cost bond. Upon the expiration of 130 days from the entry of the order allowing the appeal, appellees filed in this court a skeleton transcript of the record, showing the judgment from which the appeal was taken, the order allowing the appeal, the motion of appellees to annul, avoid, and hold for naught the appeal, and the subsequent steps taken by the parties in the district court, together with a motion to docket and affirm the cause. Upon the hearing of the •motion appellants filed a motion to docket the appeal and dismiss the same.

[1] This court has held (Canavan v. Canavan, 18 N. M. 468, 138 Pac. 200) that the giving of a cost bond is not essential to the jurisdiction of the appellate court, under our statute, and that it is required only for the protection of the appellee, or defendant in error, and may be waived. Failure to file the cost bond, within the time required, must be taken advantage of before the default is cured; otherwise, a motion to dismiss, on this ground, will not prevail. Appellees here argue, however, that they attempted to take advantage of the default, and filed in the only court which could receive a paper for filing in the cause their objections to the default. Whether they did so depends upon which court had jurisdiction 'of the cause, upon the allowance of the appeal. If it be conceded that the district court, by the allowance of the appeal, lost jurisdiction of the 'cause, except for certain specified purposes, such, for instance, as the settling and signing of the bill of exceptions, statutory provisions governing which exist, it must necessarily follow that the trial court could not entertain a motion to dismiss the appeal, and that the clerk of that court, by accepting and filing an unauthorized motion, could not make such motion a part of the record on appeal, for such motion would not be a paper “regularly filed in 'a cause with the clerk 'of the district ■court,” under section 4491, Code 1915.

[2] Section -4-471, Code 1915, provides for the allowance of appeals .by the district courts. No condition precedent is attached, except an application to the court and the suing out and serving of a citation, where the appeal is not taken in open court. Upon the .allowance of' the appeal, the case is in contemplation of law pending in this court. In the case of Canavan v. Canavan, supra, we said;

“Under our statute, however, the filing of the bond within the specified time is not necessary to our jurisdiction. It attaches upon the allowance of the appeal or the issuance of the writ of error.”

This statement of the law is amply supported by the adjudicated cases. While under many of the cases- the ■giving of an appeal bond is jurisdictional, and must precede the allowance of an appeal, the courts hold that where the requisite steps are taken, and the appeal is allowed the jurisdiction is transferred, or, as in some cases the filing of the bond follows the allowance of the appeal ; but such bond is essential to the jurisdiction of the appellate court. In support of the Canavan Case, we cite Holland v. State, 15 Fla. 549; Dowell v. Bolt, 45 Or. 89, 75 Pac. 714, Reynolds v. Perry, 11 Ill. 534, and Swafford v. Rosebloom, 92 Ill. App. 106.

[3] Appellees argue, however, that this court does not have the power to hear and determine a cause until after the return day, which is 130 days from the time of taking the appeal. It is true the court cannot acquire jurisdiction of the appellee before the return day, but it has jurisdiction of the cause and of the appellant upon the allowance of the appeal. All.that is necessary to give it jurisdiction over the appellee before the .return day is for him to voluntarily appear and submit himself to the jurisdiction of the court. It is also true that the court cannot hear said cause upon the merits until, the transcript of record and assignment of errors have been filed, and the appellee has appeared or is in default; but'the court, having jurisdiction of the'cause and of the'appellant, can entertain a motion by the appellee to 'docket and dismiss the appeal for failure of the appellant to 'filé the cost bond within the time required by the statute. In Order to invoke the jurisdiction of the court, appellee should present ■to the court a transcript of so much of the record of the trial court as is necessary to show that a final -judgment was entered in the court below from which an appeal was taken, together with a certificate of the clerk of the district court that no cost bond has been filed, and move this court to docket the'cause and dismiss the appeal. Such being the case, it follows that appellees are not entitled to the relief which they seek. ■ • - ■. •

Appellants have moved the court to docket the cause and dismiss the appeal. This motion will be granted, at their cost. The effect of the dismissal upon the right of appellants to prosecute a writ of error, or sue out another appeal, need not be determined in this case. The appeal will be dismissed; and it is so ordered.

Mect-iem and Leib, District Judges,: concur. Hanna and Parker, J.J., being disqualified, did not participate in this opinion.