49 Mo. 302 | Mo. | 1872
delivered the opinion of the court.
This was ejectment for the north half of lot 24 in block 6, as laid down on the original plat of the town of Springfield, in Greene county. The judgment of the Circuit Court was for the defendant.
The plaintiff’s title is a tax deed. If this is not good he has no title to, stand on. The tax deed was made by the collector of Greene county, on a sale of this lot in October, 1869, as having been forfeited to the State. After reciting the forfeiture, etc., and that it had remained unredeemed for two years, the deed
. I have quoted the language of the tax deed, and it will be seen that there is no' recital that any notice whatever was given of the sale in October, 1869, and yet the statutes (Gen. Stat. 1865, p. 129, § 119; Wagn. Stat. 1206, § 119) expressly require that the collector “ shall first give four weeks’ public notice by publication in a newspaper published in his county having the greatest circulation; of, if there be no neAvspaper published in his county, then by publication in the nearest newspaper published to said-county, and by posting up at least tAventy written or printed handbills in twenty public places in said county, setting forth that all lands and town lots forfeited to the State for taxes, and remaining unredeemed and unsold, will be', on the first Monday of October then next, offered for sale at public auction, at the court-house in said county; and that a list of such forfeited real estate is kept in the office of the clerk of the County Court of said county, subject to the inspection of all persons wishing to examine the same.”
It was the duty of the collector, before selling lands on the
A sale by a collector for taxes cannot be assimilated to a sale by a sheriff under judicial process i'ssued by a competent court. The sheriff’s proceedings are subject to the supervision of the court, and the court who'se process he abuses is the proper tribunal to apply the remedy. The purchaser under a judicial sale looks to the judgment, execution, levy and sheriff’s deed; if they are right, all other questions are between the parties to the judgment and the sheriff. It is eminently proper that the court issuing the process should apply the remedy. Hence such questions arising under a judicial sale cannot be inquired into collaterally, but can be reached only by a direct proceeding instituted in the proper court for that purpose.
A collector’s sale is essentially ex parte. The officer does not act under the supervision of a court; he acts at his own peril and by his own advice, and must perform every prerequisite required by the statute before the title of the citizen to his property can be passed away from him. The deed of the collector must show affirmatively that the law has been complied with in all particulars. And even when a collector’s deed shows by its recitals that the law has been complied with, it may be contradicted as to material matters by evidence, wherever the questions arise, whether in a collateral proceeding or otherwise. This is the settled law in this State.
The collector’s deed relied upon by the plaintiff being void upon its face, he has no standing here. Under this view it is unnecessary to examine the questions raised by the instructions.
The judgment is affirmed.