Victoria Johnson v. North Idaho College
278 P.3d 928
Idaho2012Background
- Johnson, a student at North Idaho College (NIC), alleges instructor Friis sexually harassed her starting Spring 2004 and NIC is vicariously liable under IHRA.
- After a grade issue, Johnson’s 2005 report led NIC to launch an internal investigation; the Sexual Harassment Advisory Committee found policy violations but no retaliatory grading, and Friis resigned rather than be terminated.
- Johnson filed suit in state court in 2006; NIC removed to federal court, where summary judgment was granted against Johnson on most claims; Ninth Circuit remanded for correct IHRA analysis.
- Back in state court, NIC moved for summary judgment; after initial denial, NIC sought reconsideration under Rule 11(a)(2)(B), and the district court granted summary judgment in 2011.
- The district court held there were no genuine issues of material fact and that NIC could rely on the Faragher/Ellerth defense; Johnson appeals.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Was the reconsideration order proper? | Johnson contends the district court abused discretion by granting reconsideration without new facts. | NIC argues reconsideration was appropriate to re-evaluate interlocutory order with potentially new material. | Yes; reconsideration proper under Rule 11(a)(2)(B). |
| Does IHRA permit respondeat superior in educational discrimination? | IHRA should be interpreted like Title VII, allowing employer liability for a supervisor's harassment. | NIC asserts IHRA mirrors Title VII, including agency liability for educational settings. | IHRA permits respondeat superior in educational discrimination. |
| Are there genuine issues about Friis’ conduct within scope of employment and NIC’s liability defense? | Evidence could show supervisor conduct within course scope and that NIC failed to prevent harm. | The district court properly treated course-of-employment issue as subsumed by the Faragher/Ellerth defense. | No genuine issues; Faragher/Ellerth defense applies. |
| Was Johnson's delay in reporting unreasonable under Faragher/Ellerth? | Johnson delayed reporting due to fear of retaliation and ongoing course implications. | Delay was unreasonable; no tangible threats explained the delay, and reasonable care required timely reporting. | Delay deemed unreasonable as a matter of law. |
Key Cases Cited
- Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 524 U.S. 775 (U.S. 1998) (two-element Faragher/Ellerth defense for employer liability)
- Burlington Indus. v. Ellerth, 524 U.S. 764 (U.S. 1998) (employer may avoid liability absent tangible action via affirmative defense)
- Miller v. Maxwell's Int'l Inc., 991 F.2d 583 (9th Cir. 1993) (employment framework applied to harassment context)
- Cooper d'Alene Mining Co. v. First National Bank of North Idaho, 118 Idaho 812, 800 P.2d 1026 (Idaho 1990) ( Rule on reconsideration and new facts in interlocutory orders)
- Baldwin v. Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Alabama, 480 F.3d 1287 (11th Cir. 2007) (unreasonable reporting delay under Faragher framework)
- Mota v. Univ. of Texas Health Sci. Ctr., 261 F.3d 512 (5th Cir. 2001) (exception to reporting delay when credibility/security threats exist)
- Barling v. Keating, 100 Idaho 808, 606 P.2d 458 (Idaho 1979) (parallelism between IHRA and Title VII in education context)
