16 Cal. App. Supp. 5th 10
Cal. Super. Ct.2017Background
- Plaintiff Van Butenschoen sued Cynthia and Chris Flaker in unlawful detainer alleging failure to comply with a 3‑day pay-or-quit notice and sought possession and damages.
- Defendants timely moved to quash service (March 8, 2016), arguing service was improper.
- The trial court denied the motion (March 14, 2016) and ordered that "Defendant has 5 days to answer," and a mailed notice repeated that it was "to file and serve an answer only."
- Defendants sought a writ, which was denied; statutory tolling and mailing rules extended their time to plead to April 18, 2016.
- Defendants filed a demurrer on April 18, 2016, but the clerk entered default judgment the same day. Defendants appealed; the Court of Appeal reversed.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether a trial court may limit post‑motion‑to‑quash responsive pleading to an answer only | The court's order permitting only an answer was proper and restricted pleadings accordingly | A defendant may file a demurrer; statutes permit demurrers as responsive pleadings | The court may not restrict a defendant to an answer; demurrer is an authorized response (Code Civ. Proc. §§ 422.10, 1170) |
| Whether default judgment entered April 18, 2016 was valid given defendants’ timely demurrer and statutory tolling | Default was proper because defendants failed to file an answer within five days | Time to plead was extended by motion to quash and writ denial; defendants timely filed a demurrer before deadline | Default was prematurely entered and thus void; judgment reversed |
Key Cases Cited
- Ceja v. Rudolph & Sletten, Inc., 56 Cal.4th 1113 (statutory construction reviewed de novo)
- Corona v. Lundigan, 158 Cal.App.3d 764 (appeal from default judgment reviews jurisdiction and pleading sufficiency)
- Whealton v. Whealton, 67 Cal.2d 656 (premature default judgment is void)
- Borsuk v. Appellate Division of Superior Court, 242 Cal.App.4th 607 (tenant may challenge unlawful detainer via demurrer)
