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United States v. Kemp
705 F. App'x 741
| 10th Cir. | 2017
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Background

  • Christopher Kemp pled guilty to escaping from custody (18 U.S.C. § 751) and, while awaiting sentencing, assaulted a correctional officer with a makeshift knife.
  • At sentencing the district court denied Kemp an acceptance-of-responsibility reduction under U.S.S.G. § 3E1.1 because of the postconviction assault.
  • Kemp also challenged a warrantless-search condition of supervised release and sought clarification/modification of the written standard conditions imposed at sentencing versus the District of Kansas’s standing order.
  • After the sentencing at issue, Kemp was convicted of possession of contraband in prison (the makeshift knife) in a separate case; that later judgment included a different set of standard supervised-release conditions tracking the District’s standing order.
  • The Tenth Circuit considered (1) whether the district court erred by relying on unrelated postconviction conduct to deny acceptance-of-responsibility, (2) the validity of the warrantless-search condition, and (3) whether the supervised-release conditions should be modified to match the District’s standing order.

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
Whether district court may consider postconviction, presentencing criminal conduct in denying § 3E1.1 reduction Kemp argued the assault was unrelated to the escape and thus should not negate acceptance District court relied on postconviction assault as indicia of lack of contrition Court affirmed: postconviction criminal conduct (even if unrelated) may be considered when denying § 3E1.1 (Prince controls)
Whether warrantless-search condition of supervised release is invalid because Kemp is not a sex-offender registrant Kemp argued he is not required to register and so the search condition was improper Government relied on Tenth Circuit precedent upholding such conditions Court affirmed: Flaugher forecloses Kemp’s challenge; condition may stand
Whether supervised-release conditions should be modified to match District of Kansas standard conditions Kemp sought modification to mirror current standing order to avoid confusion between two judgments Government did not oppose matching the current standing order absent good cause Court remanded: district court should modify conditions to reflect Standing Order No. 16-2 unless good cause to deviate
Whether panel should overrule prior circuit precedent (Prince) Kemp implicitly sought different rule Government and court relied on stare decisis; no en banc or Supreme Court authority to overrule Court declined to overrule Prince; one panel cannot overturn another panel’s precedent

Key Cases Cited

  • United States v. Prince, 204 F.3d 1021 (10th Cir. 2000) (allows consideration of postindictment criminal conduct unrelated to the conviction when denying § 3E1.1 credit)
  • United States v. Jordan, 549 F.3d 57 (1st Cir. 2008) (postindictment criminal conduct may show lack of contrition for acceptance-of-responsibility analysis)
  • United States v. Mara, 523 F.3d 1036 (9th Cir. 2008) (continuing criminal conduct inconsistent with acceptance of responsibility even if different in nature)
  • United States v. White, 782 F.3d 1118 (10th Cir. 2015) (one panel cannot overrule another panel absent en banc or intervening Supreme Court decision)
  • United States v. Flaugher, 805 F.3d 1249 (10th Cir. 2015) (upholds warrantless-search condition of supervised release)
Read the full case

Case Details

Case Name: United States v. Kemp
Court Name: Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
Date Published: Aug 24, 2017
Citation: 705 F. App'x 741
Docket Number: 15-3309
Court Abbreviation: 10th Cir.