407 F. App'x 938
6th Cir.2011Background
- Wiley pleaded guilty to three counts of access device fraud and one count of aggravated identity theft in a Chase Bank scheme involving Smith.
- Law enforcement arrested Wiley via a controlled delivery to his son's address; Wiley admitted involvement and named Smith as partner.
- Wiley and Smith obtained and used stolen cards and IDs to rent vehicles, buy goods, and take cash; Wiley retained 40–50% with Smith and profited $10,000–$15,000.
- PSR attributed $195,175.72 in loss; Wiley did not object and accepted the loss in sentencing.
- District court adopted PSR and sentenced 65 months total; restitution ordered $15,000 to victims yet to be determined.
- Wiley timely appealed challenging restitution scheduling, loss calculations, sentencing enhancements, acceptance of responsibility, and written judgments versus oral sentence.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Restitution schedule missing; plain error? | Wiley argues no schedule of payments; restitution invalid. | Wiley argues error voids restitution portion. | Remand to issue schedule of payments (not vacating restitution). |
| Loss amount used affected sentencing procedure | Loss could be $37,500 due to profit split. | No objection to PSR; admitted loss; cannot challenge now. | No procedural error; lost objected via PSR admission. |
| § 2B1.1(b)(10)(B)(i) production of counterfeit ID | Argument that note 2 of § 2B1.6 applies; double counting risk. | Production of counterfeit IDs by Wiley; guideline applies. | District court did not plainly err; production falls within production of identity device. |
| Acceptance of responsibility credit | Should have credit for acceptance since pled guilty. | Conduct post-plea shows lack of acceptance. | Not clearly erroneous; denial affirmed. |
| Written judgments vs oral sentence; clerical correction | Restitution total inconsistent; judgments show $30,000. | Oral sentence controls; judgments merely clerical. | Oral sentence controls; remand to correct clerical errors; restitution schedule issued. |
Key Cases Cited
- United States v. Davis, 306 F.3d 398 (6th Cir. 2002) (schedule of payments required after restitution order)
- United States v. Myers, 198 F.3d 160 (5th Cir. 1999) (restitution scheduling and plain error principles)
- United States v. Coates, 178 F.3d 681 (3d Cir. 1999) (restitution schedule required; plain error)
- United States v. Vonner, 516 F.3d 382 (6th Cir. 2008) (en banc; when no objection, factual admissions bind)
- United States v. Pruitt, 156 F.3d 638 (6th Cir. 1998) (district court need not establish undisputed factual issues)
- United States v. Adkins, 429 F.3d 631 (6th Cir. 2005) (admission to PSR facts; no objection implies admission)
- United States v. Jones, 551 F.3d 19 (1st Cir. 2008) (production vs trafficking distinction for IDs)
- United States v. Jenkins-Watts, 574 F.3d 950 (8th Cir. 2009) (production of counterfeit licenses case)
- United States v. Tatum, 518 F.3d 769 (10th Cir. 2008) (distinguishing production vs transport cases)
- United States v. Hughey, 147 F.3d 423 (5th Cir. 1998) (production/identity device guidance)
- United States v. Bostic, 371 F.3d 865 (6th Cir. 2004) (Bostic forfeiture / plain error framework)
- United States v. Cofield, 233 F.3d 405 (6th Cir. 2000) (clerical corrections; Rule 36)
- United States v. Johnson, 24 F. App’x 417 (6th Cir. 2001) (clerical corrections; oral vs written judgments)
