Two-Way Media LLC v. AT & T, Inc.
782 F.3d 1311
| Fed. Cir. | 2015Background
- TWM sued AT&T for infringement of patents 5,778,187 and 5,983,005 in the Southern District of Texas, later transferred to the Western District of Texas.
- A jury found infringement and awarded damages; final judgment entered on October 7, 2013.
- AT&T filed four post-trial motions (two JMOLs, a new trial) on October 4, 2013; three confidential motions were seal requests.
- On November 22, 2013 the district court denied the post-trial motions and entered judgment against AT&T; several orders were sealed.
- AT&T argued for extension or reopening of the appeal period under Rule 4(a) due to notice issues with NEFs and docket entries.
- The district court denied relief; the Fifth Circuit affirmed, holding no abuse of discretion in denying extension or reopening of the appeal period.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the district court abused its discretion under Rule 4(a)(5). | AT&T argues excusable neglect due to incomplete NEFs and reliance on them. | TWM contends counsel had a duty to read orders; no excusable neglect. | No abuse; no excusable neglect shown. |
| Whether Rule 4(a)(6) reopening of time to appeal was appropriate. | AT&T contends notice defects warrant reopening. | TWM argues AT&T received notice via docket, so reopening is improper. | No abuse; Rule 4(a)(6) relief denied. |
| What constitutes 'notice of entry' under Rule 4(a)(6) in the CM/ECF era. | Dissent argues corrected docket entries were not properly noticed. | Majority holds notice can be satisfied by accessible docket entries and orders. | Not satisfied; the majority rejects the dissent's view that corrected docket entry notice was required. |
| Whether FRAP 4(a)(6) is correctly applied under Fifth Circuit law or federal jurisdictional principles. | Dissent argues FRAP 4(a)(6) is jurisdictional and governed by federal law. | Majority applies Fifth Circuit standard for abuse of discretion. | Court applies Fifth Circuit framework; no jurisdictional error found. |
| Overall timeliness of AT&T's appeal despite NEF/docket corrections. | AT&T never timely appealed under any proper notice trigger. | TWM maintains untimeliness; no basis to reopen or extend. | Affirmed denial of relief; appeal period not reopened. |
Key Cases Cited
- Wilson v. Atwood Group, 725 F.2d 255 (5th Cir. 1984) (excusable neglect requires more than mere non-notice; reading orders urged)
- Avolio v. County of Suffolk, 29 F.3d 50 (2d Cir. 1994) (mere failure to discover judgment does not qualify for extension)
- Case v. BASF Wyandotte Corp., 737 F.2d 1034 (Fed. Cir. 1984) (excusable neglect involving misleading order entries)
- Rodgers v. Watt, 722 F.2d 456 (9th Cir. 1983) (excusable neglect considerations include attempts to learn decision date)
- Khor Chin Lim v. CourtCall Inc., 683 F.3d 378 (7th Cir. 2012) (notice under Rule 4(a)(6) must be actual receipt of entry)
- O’Brien v. Harrington, 233 F.2d 17 (D.C. Cir. 1956) (docket entry substance required to trigger entry of judgment)
- United States v. F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Co., 356 U.S. 227 (1958) (entry of judgment requires proper docket entry; returns not sufficient)
- Cedar Creek Oil & Gas Co. v. Fidelity Gas Co., 288 F.2d 298 (9th Cir. 1956) (no entry to trigger appeal without proper docketing)
- Wheat v. Pfizer, Inc., 31 F.3d 340 (5th Cir. 1994) (entry on docket, not public release, starts appeal period)
- United States v. Ronne, 414 F.2d 1340 (9th Cir. 1969) (timeliness tied to docket entry date)
- Lint v. CourtCall Inc., 683 F.3d 378 (7th Cir. 2012) (receipt of underlying judgment alone may not satisfy notice)
