Torres-Tristan v. Holder
656 F.3d 653
7th Cir.2011Background
- Torres-Tristan, a Mexican citizen, entered the U.S. in 1993 as a minor and joined the Latin Kings; in 2000 he was order removed for criminal convictions and the removal order was executed in 2001.
- He reentered illegally three months after removal, returning to the Chicago area where he lived for years without enforcement attention.
- In 2002 he was assaulted; he later sought a U Visa based on that incident and his cooperation with police, while also seeking a waiver of inadmissibility due to prior crimes and removal.
- DHS reinstated the 2000 removal order in January 2010, while Torres-Tristan was in DHS custody, and he filed a U Visa petition and waiver request with USCIS six weeks later.
- USCIS denied both the U Visa petition and the waiver, and Torres-Tristan then sought judicial review in three petitions consolidated for briefing.
- The Seventh Circuit ultimately denied review of the reinstatement order and dismissed the U Visa/waiver petitions for lack of jurisdiction.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the court has jurisdiction to review the 2010 reinstatement of removal order | Torres-Tristan argues for review under 8 U.S.C. §1252. | HOLDER argues review is limited to the reinstatement order's proper entry, not underlying collateral issues. | Jurisdiction granted to review reinstatement entry; no review of underlying issues. |
| Whether the denial of the U visa petition and waiver is reviewable | Torres-Tristan seeks review under §1252 of USCIS's denials of the U Visa and I-192 waiver. | Denials are collateral to the reinstatement order and not subject to §1252 review. | Court lacks jurisdiction to review denial of waiver and denial of U Visa. |
| Whether the denial of reconsideration is reviewable | Court should review reconsideration denial as part of the removal order review. | Dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. |
Key Cases Cited
- Fonseca-Sanchez v. Gonzales, 484 F.3d 439 (7th Cir. 2007) (lack of §1252 review for U Visa denials; collateral nature of waivers)
- Morales-Izquierdo v. DHS, 600 F.3d 1076 (9th Cir. 2010) (zipper clause; review of reinstated order; distinguished)
- Carvajal-Munoz v. INS, 743 F.2d 562 (7th Cir. 1984) (final order scope includes related proceedings)
- Foti v. INS, 375 U.S. 217 (1963) (origins of final removal order review)
- Cheng Fan Kwok v. INS, 392 U.S. 206 (1968) (scope of review related to deportation proceedings)
- INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 918 (1983) (direct review limits; cannot broaden to collateral visa matters)
- Delgado v. Quarantillo, 643 F.3d 52 (2d Cir. 2011) (illustrates linkage between waiver/adjustment and removal orders)
- Morales-Izquierdo v. DHS, 600 F.3d 1076 (9th Cir. 2010) (zipper clause discussions)
- Leyva v. Ashcroft, 380 F.3d 303 (7th Cir. 2004) (zipper clause jurisdictional limitations)
