252 So. 3d 1120
Fla.2018Background
- JP Morgan Chase obtained a final judgment of foreclosure and sold the Glenvilles' property at public auction on July 2, 2015; the clerk later filed a certificate of sale (July 6), certificate of title (July 14), and certificate of disbursements showing a surplus (July 29).
- The certificate of disbursements reflected a surplus; subordinate lienholder The Bank of New York Mellon (Mellon) filed a claim to the full surplus on September 2, 2015.
- The Glenvilles filed a verified claim on September 1, 2015; Florida Housing (a junior lienholder) timely filed its claim earlier in August.
- The trial court awarded the surplus to the Glenvilles and Florida Housing, ruling Mellon’s claim untimely because it was filed more than 60 days after the public auction.
- On appeal the Second District affirmed, concluding the 60-day claim period in section 45.031 runs from the public auction and certified conflict with the Fourth District’s Straub decision.
- The Florida Supreme Court granted review and held the 60-day period for filing claims to surplus funds runs from the clerk’s issuance of the certificate of disbursements, not the auction or merely the certificate of sale/title.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| When does the 60‑day deadline to file a claim to foreclosure surplus begin? | Mellon: not before issuance of the certificate of sale (i.e., auction not triggering); alternatively, from certificate of sale/title. | Glenvilles/Second Dist.: begins at the public auction (the “sale”); Straub: from certificate of title. | The Court held the 60‑day period begins when the clerk issues the certificate of disbursements. |
Key Cases Cited
- Allstate Mortgage Corp. of Florida v. Strasser, 286 So. 2d 201 (Fla. 1973) (interpreting “sale” in chapter 45 context as transfer upon filing certificate of title)
- Straub v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 182 So. 3d 878 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016) (held 60‑day period begins at issuance/filed certificate of title)
- Bank of New York Mellon v. Glenville, 215 So. 3d 1284 (Fla. 2d DCA 2017) (held 60‑day period begins at public auction; certified conflict)
- Lopez v. Hall, 233 So. 3d 451 (Fla. 2018) (statutory interpretation principles; plain-meaning review)
- McKendry v. State, 641 So. 2d 45 (Fla. 1994) (specific statute controls over general statute)
- Fla. State Racing Comm’n v. McLaughlin, 102 So. 2d 574 (Fla. 1958) (in pari materia rule guiding harmonization of related statutes)
