Texas Department of Criminal Justice v. Maurie Levin, Naomi Terr, and Hilary Sheard
03-15-00044-CV
Tex. App.Sep 14, 2015Background
- TDCJ sought to shield the identity of the execution-drug supplier under the Texas Public Information Act’s physical-safety exception.
- The request targeted information identifying the compounding pharmacy and pharmacist involved in execution drugs.
- The district court granted partial relief to plaintiffs but treated the information as fully disclosable on other grounds, leading to appeal.
- TDCJ argues Cox allows withholding specific information connected to public-safety concerns; plaintiffs argue no such withholding without an actual threat or plot.
- The court emphasizes deference to law-enforcement assessments of harm probability and requires a fact-specific link between disclosure and risk of physical harm.
- The court ultimately considers remand as the appropriate path if TDCJ is not entitled to summary judgment.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Is withholding specific information under the physical-safety exception proper under Cox? | Plaintiffs argue no withholding unless an actual threat exists. | TDCJ argues Cox allows withholding information tied to public-safety risk. | Yes; withholding is proper when linked to a substantial risk of harm. |
| Does Cox require an actual threat or plot to justify the exception? | Plaintiffs contend no threat, so disclosure should be full. | TDCJ contends that threat probability, not an actual threat, suffices. | Cox permits deference to law-enforcement assessments without proving an actual threat. |
| Should the court defer to law-enforcement probability assessments? | Plaintiffs oppose a deference standard. | TDCJ relies on DPS assessments of harm probability. | Courts must defer to law-enforcement assessments unless vague. |
| Were past AG opinions controlling here? | Plaintiffs cite informal opinions to resist the standard. | TDCJ argues those opinions are nonprecedential and inapt post-Cox. | Past AG opinions do not control Cox-based analysis. |
Key Cases Cited
- Tex. Dep’t of Pub. Safety v. Cox, 343 S.W.3d 112 (Tex. 2011) (physical-safety exception requires consideration of information-specific risk and deference to law-enforcement)
