453 P.3d 1031
Wyo.2019Background
- Plaintiffs (Spencer Willey and his minor children) sued two Sheridan-area attorneys, Steve Aron and Galen Woelk, and their firm for legal malpractice in Sheridan County.
- Aron & Woelk had previously represented the Willeys in Sheridan County litigation; the malpractice claim alleges loss of trust beneficiary status and over $3 million in damages.
- Aron and Woelk are residents of Albany County, maintain their principal place of business there, and were served with the malpractice complaint in Albany County.
- Defendants moved to dismiss for improper venue under Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 1-5-105 and 1-5-108; the district court denied the motion, construing § 1-5-108 as permissive and finding Sheridan County proper.
- The Wyoming Supreme Court granted review, held that § 1-5-108 mandates filing where a defendant resides or is actually summoned, concluded none of the defendants were summoned in Sheridan County, reversed the district court, and ordered dismissal without prejudice for improper venue.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the district court abused its discretion by denying a motion to dismiss for improper venue | Sheridan County is a proper venue because § 1-5-108 is permissive and defendants could reasonably expect to be summoned there (given prior Sheridan litigation) | Venue is improper because defendants reside, have their principal place of business, and were served in Albany County; § 1-5-108 requires filing where a defendant resides or is summoned (i.e., actually served) | Reversed. § 1-5-108 requires filing in the county where a defendant resides or is summoned; none were summoned in Sheridan County, so venue was improper and dismissal without prejudice is required. |
Key Cases Cited
- Bourke v. Grey Wolf Drilling Co., 305 P.3d 1164 (establishes that the permissive phrase "may be brought" in venue statutes is narrowly limited to the specific options listed)
- Saunders v. Saunders, 445 P.3d 991 (standard of review for venue rulings)
- State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Kunz, 186 P.3d 378 (definition and purpose of venue)
- Anderson v. Bd. of Cnty. Comm’rs of Teton Cnty., 217 P.3d 401 (statutory "shall" makes venue mandatory when applicable)
- Corkill v. Knowles, 955 P.2d 438 (statutory interpretation: avoid absurd results and presume legislature's reasoned intent)
- Cattle Brokers, Inc. v. Billings, 346 N.W.2d 264 (Neb.) (interpreting "may be summoned" to require actual summoning for venue)
- Hixon v. Chamberlin, 243 P. 183 (Okla.) (construing "may be summoned" conjunctively with "resides" to require voluntary presence where service may occur)
