State v. Wilson
461 P.3d 1124
Utah Ct. App.2020Background
- Wilson stabbed a friend six times with a serrated kitchen knife after the friend threatened to show the friend’s pregnant girlfriend photos of Wilson’s infidelity; the victim suffered serious injuries (collapsed lung, broken rib, severe facial wound).
- Wilson fled with the girlfriend, later discarded the knife, was arrested after a multi-day search, and made recorded jailhouse phone calls admitting violent intent and boasting about killing or seriously injuring the victim.
- The State introduced edited portions of those recorded calls (Audio Clips) at trial; defense counsel initially objected when he believed the State would not call the other party to the calls, but withdrew the objection after locating that witness and calling her for the defense.
- Defense theory at trial was defense-of-others (protecting the pregnant girlfriend/unborn child); counsel obtained jury instructions for perfect and imperfect defense-of-others and a verdict form listing guilty, not guilty, aggravated assault, and attempted manslaughter.
- The jury convicted Wilson of attempted murder (with a dangerous-weapon enhancement) and obstruction of justice; Wilson appealed only the attempted murder conviction, arguing ineffective assistance of counsel based on three specific trial decisions.
Issues
| Issue | Wilson's Argument | State's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Failure to maintain a Rule 403 objection to the Audio Clips | Counsel should have objected to exclude the Audio Clips as unfairly prejudicial | A Rule 403 objection would have been futile because the calls were highly probative of Wilson’s state of mind and admissions; any unfair aspects were not substantially outweighing probative value | Counsel was not ineffective; a blanket objection would have been overruled and a limited exclusion would not likely have changed the outcome |
| Promissory opening statement re: debunking Audio Clips | Counsel ‘‘promised’’ to prove the Audio Clips false in opening and then failed to deliver, so performance was deficient | Opening comments were explanation/strategy (characterizing calls as jailhouse bravado), not a binding promise; the approach was reasonable trial strategy | Counsel’s opening was a reasonable strategic effort to contextualize the calls; no deficient performance shown |
| Failure to request a separate attempted-manslaughter jury instruction | Counsel should have separately requested an attempted-manslaughter instruction (jealous-lover theory) | Counsel reasonably chose defense-of-others and secured imperfect-defense options on the verdict form; alternate theories were weaker | Counsel’s choice of primary defense and instruction/ verdict form strategy was reasonable; no ineffective assistance found |
Key Cases Cited
- Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (established the two-part deficient-performance and prejudice test for ineffective assistance)
- Lee v. United States, 137 S. Ct. 1958 (reiterating the requirement that counsel’s actions be objectively unreasonable to show deficiency)
- State v. Sessions, 342 P.3d 738 (discussing the objective-reasonableness standard for counsel performance)
- State v. Kelley, 1 P.3d 546 (failure to raise futile objections does not constitute ineffective assistance)
- State v. Maurer, 770 P.2d 981 (Rule 403 unfair-prejudice balancing; prejudice must be of the unfair sort to warrant exclusion)
- State v. Garcia, 424 P.3d 171 (consider totality of evidence when assessing prejudice under Strickland)
