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State v. Walker
790 N.W.2d 484
N.D.
2010
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Background

  • Walker was convicted of robbery after Mosley attacked Ouellette while Walker helped obtain the gaming operation’s duffel bag and later split the proceeds.
  • Thompson coordinated the plan and aided in the robbery, including picking up Mosley and Walker after the crime and storing weapons.
  • The district court instructed the jury that a conviction could be found if either Walker or Mosley, as an accomplice actually present, satisfied the elements of robbery.
  • The district court concluded that, under the mandatory minimum sentencing statute, all elements must be satisfied by each defendant, and sentenced Walker to six years with two suspended.
  • Walker challenged the jury instruction and the cross-appeal questioned the legality of imposing the mandatory minimum sentence.
  • The State conceded possible appellate issues but did not timely pursue a post-judgment motion to correct an illegal sentence.

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
Accomplice liability and elements Walker argues elements must be satisfied personally; instruction allowed accomplice present theory. Walker contends the statute requires personal satisfaction of all elements before conviction. Accomplice liability can satisfy elements; Walker properly convicted.
State's right to appeal sentence State seeks review of sentencing under post-judgment statutes. State cannot appeal a sentence directly or a pre-judgment order under the cited statutes. State cross-appeal dismissed for lack of statutory basis; improper post-judgment challenge.

Key Cases Cited

  • State v. Dubs, 390 N.W.2d 41 (N.D. 1986) (accomplice liability can support robbery conviction when participating with another)
  • State v. Azure, 243 N.W.2d 363 (N.D. 1976) (accomplice who waits in car may be convicted of robbery)
  • Wika, 574 N.W.2d 831 (N.D. 1998) (Rule 35 and appealability parallel for State and defendant)
  • State v. Nace, 371 N.W.2d 129 (N.D. 1985) (rule permitting challenge to illegal sentences via Rule 35)
  • State v. Owens, 570 N.W.2d 217 (N.D. 1997) (Rule 35 applicability to illegal sentence challenges)
  • City of Riverside v. Smuda, 339 N.W.2d 768 (N.D. 1983) (defendant generally cannot appeal a sentence alone)
  • State v. Blunt, 785 N.W.2d 909 (N.D. 2010) (interpretation of accompanying working papers and accomplice liability context)
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Case Details

Case Name: State v. Walker
Court Name: North Dakota Supreme Court
Date Published: Nov 9, 2010
Citation: 790 N.W.2d 484
Docket Number: No. 20100112
Court Abbreviation: N.D.