State v. Walker
790 N.W.2d 484
N.D.2010Background
- Walker was convicted of robbery after Mosley attacked Ouellette while Walker helped obtain the gaming operation’s duffel bag and later split the proceeds.
- Thompson coordinated the plan and aided in the robbery, including picking up Mosley and Walker after the crime and storing weapons.
- The district court instructed the jury that a conviction could be found if either Walker or Mosley, as an accomplice actually present, satisfied the elements of robbery.
- The district court concluded that, under the mandatory minimum sentencing statute, all elements must be satisfied by each defendant, and sentenced Walker to six years with two suspended.
- Walker challenged the jury instruction and the cross-appeal questioned the legality of imposing the mandatory minimum sentence.
- The State conceded possible appellate issues but did not timely pursue a post-judgment motion to correct an illegal sentence.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accomplice liability and elements | Walker argues elements must be satisfied personally; instruction allowed accomplice present theory. | Walker contends the statute requires personal satisfaction of all elements before conviction. | Accomplice liability can satisfy elements; Walker properly convicted. |
| State's right to appeal sentence | State seeks review of sentencing under post-judgment statutes. | State cannot appeal a sentence directly or a pre-judgment order under the cited statutes. | State cross-appeal dismissed for lack of statutory basis; improper post-judgment challenge. |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Dubs, 390 N.W.2d 41 (N.D. 1986) (accomplice liability can support robbery conviction when participating with another)
- State v. Azure, 243 N.W.2d 363 (N.D. 1976) (accomplice who waits in car may be convicted of robbery)
- Wika, 574 N.W.2d 831 (N.D. 1998) (Rule 35 and appealability parallel for State and defendant)
- State v. Nace, 371 N.W.2d 129 (N.D. 1985) (rule permitting challenge to illegal sentences via Rule 35)
- State v. Owens, 570 N.W.2d 217 (N.D. 1997) (Rule 35 applicability to illegal sentence challenges)
- City of Riverside v. Smuda, 339 N.W.2d 768 (N.D. 1983) (defendant generally cannot appeal a sentence alone)
- State v. Blunt, 785 N.W.2d 909 (N.D. 2010) (interpretation of accompanying working papers and accomplice liability context)
