133 A.3d 826
Vt.2015Background
- Defendant pled guilty in 2012 to second-degree aggravated domestic assault, resisting arrest, and violating conditions of release; he received an agreed sentence of nine months to three years, all suspended, and was placed on probation.
- Probation required completion of the DV Solutions domestic-violence program and prohibited violent or threatening behavior; term fixed at one year, expiring June 20, 2013.
- A VOP complaint for February 2013 alleged violations of the DV Solutions condition and threatening behavior during a program intake.
- Defendant canceled two DV Solutions intake meetings in January 2013 due to a $20 fee; a third intake was scheduled and the PO warned that noncompliance could support a VOP.
- The February 13, 2013 intake was contentious: defendant was angry, denied his underlying offenses, and blocked the exit; the counselor felt threatened and summoned a probation officer.
- The trial court found violations of both DV Solutions completion and threatening behavior, rejected the pay-argument for the program fee, and extended probation for another year after defendant sought to continue it.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the DV Solutions deadline was properly noticed | State asserts notice via probation officer; completion required by date. | Defendant contends end-of-term completion allowed; no explicit timing. | No plain error; notice adequate; violation proven and extension allowed |
| Whether the record supports that defendant committed threatening behavior during intake | State maintains threatening behavior occurred during intake. | Defendant disputes that his conduct rose to threatening behavior. | Issue not reached on appeal; upheld by other findings |
| Whether the trial court properly extended probation and imposed consequences for the violations | State seeks revocation or extension to allow completion. | Requests continuation on probation to complete programs. | Court extended probation by one year and ordered a note of apology; affirmed |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Austin, 165 Vt. 389 (1996) (probation violations mixed question of law and fact; defer to findings)
- State v. Decoteau, 2007 VT 94 (2007) (plain-error review in probation revocation context)
- State v. Gleason, 154 Vt. 205 (1990) (notice requirements and probation-violation standards)
- State v. Sanville, 2011 VT 34 (2011) (fair notice of prohibited conduct in probation conditions)
- State v. Bostwick, 2014 VT 97 (2014) (limitations on probation officer-imposed timing and interpretation)
- State v. Galanes, 2015 VT 80 (2015) (probation condition interpretation; enforce text as written)
- State v. Rivers, 2005 VT 65 (2005) (clarity of probation conditions and prohibited conduct)
- State v. Ayers, 199? VT 199 (1987) (plain-error standard and constitutional rights)
