33 A.3d 1255
N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div.2012Background
- Final restraining order entered November 29, 2005 after Family Part hearing where both parties appeared pro se and testified.
- Order included prohibitions on contact, home, and place of employment, and addressed parenting time and support; but did not specifically reference a blanket prohibition on being in any place where plaintiff is located.
- From 2005 to 2010 no charges were filed; in 2010 ex-wife reported defendant at their child’s soccer game, asserting the restraining order was active and that he was in proximity to her.
- Police filed a formal contempt and harassment complaint the following day after the citizen’s complaint; defendant arrested and held for several hours.
- State offered a plea; defendant pled guilty to contempt after a non-custodial sentence agreement; court imposed one day jail (satisfied) and $125 in penalties.
- Appellate court held the order’s ‘any other place where plaintiff is located’ provision overly broad, and that the factual basis did not prove defendant knowingly violated the order; reversed, remanding to dismiss and amend the order.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Validity of the 'any other place' provision | State argues broad provision properly prevents further abuse. | Finamore asserts the provision is unconstitutionally overbroad and vague. | Provision invalid; order must be amended. |
| Sufficiency of knowledge to convict for contempt | State contends defendant knew the order was in effect and violated it by presence at game. | Wording and record do not prove he knew presence at the game violated the order. | Record insufficient to establish knowledge beyond general awareness. |
| Adequacy of the plea factual basis | Plea based on presence at the game violates the order; sufficient for contempt. | Factual basis fails to show knowing violation of a specific, enforceable prohibition. | Plea inadequate; conviction reversed; dismissal ordered. |
| Remedy and statutory alignment | Remand for dismissal and potential amendment maintains protective purpose. | No explicit argument beyond desire for proper remedy. | Remand to dismiss and amend the order to cure the overbreadth. |
Key Cases Cited
- Finamore v. Aronson, 382 N.J. Super. 514 (App. Div. 2006) (specific relief to protect victim must be distinctly described)
- State v. Finamore, 338 N.J. Super. 130 (App. Div. 2001) (ordering barring from child activities requires factual support)
- State v. L.C., 283 N.J. Super. 441 (App. Div. 1995) (knowledge element for contempt under N.J.S.A. 2C:29-9b)
- State v. Krupinski, 321 N.J. Super. 34 (App. Div. 1999) (prosecutor’s discretion and the scope of contempt)
- State v. Wilmouth, 302 N.J. Super. 20 (App. Div. 1997) (analysis of restraint provisions and contemplation of overbreadth)
- Zappaunbulso v. Zappaunbulso, 367 N.J. Super. 216 (App. Div. 2004) (broad injunctions under DV statute require factual support)
- In re Ringwood Fact Finding Comm., 65 N.J. 512 (1974) (prosecutorial discretion in technical violations)
