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State v. Phillips
297 Neb. 469
| Neb. | 2017
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Background

  • Phillips was previously convicted of third-degree sexual assault of a child and was required to register under Nebraska's Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA) as a 25-year registrant.
  • After release, Phillips provided a fictitious address to authorities and later resided at a different address without reporting it, leading to a charge for failing to register under SORA (Class IIIA felony).
  • Phillips pled no contest pursuant to a plea agreement and was sentenced to 12 months’ imprisonment and 12 months’ postrelease supervision.
  • The district court imposed extensive postrelease supervision conditions, including limits on internet and electronic-device use, consent to searches of devices and premises, mandatory drug testing and treatment, polygraphs, and other monitoring and reporting requirements.
  • Phillips appealed, arguing (1) his 12-month imprisonment was excessive and (2) various postrelease supervision conditions were unconstitutional (First Amendment, Fourth Amendment, due process, ex post facto) or unrelated to rehabilitation.
  • The district court record showed Phillips acknowledged receipt of the conditions at sentencing but did not specifically articulate objections; the court held he waived those objections.

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
Excessiveness of imprisonment Phillips: 12 months is excessive given limited criminal history State: sentence within statutory range and justified by SORA violation and prior sexual-assault conviction Affirmed — 12 months within statutory limits and not an abuse of discretion
Validity of postrelease supervision generally Phillips: some conditions exceed statutory or constitutional bounds State: postrelease supervision and conditions authorized by statute and rules Court: imposition of postrelease supervision proper under statute
Constitutionality of specific conditions (searches, device/internet restrictions, disclosure of passwords, polygraphs, etc.) Phillips: conditions violate First, Fourth, Due Process, and Ex Post Facto protections and are not reasonably related to rehabilitation State: conditions are authorized and reasonable under supervision authority Court: did not resolve merits because Phillips waived specific constitutional challenges by failing to timely and specifically object; therefore conditions stand
Waiver of objection to conditions Phillips: contends conditions are unconstitutional despite acknowledging receipt State: Phillips waived by failing to specify objections at sentencing Held: Phillips was adequately informed and had opportunity to object; his failure to identify issues at hearing constituted waiver

Key Cases Cited

  • State v. Dixon, 286 Neb. 334, 837 N.W.2d 496 (Neb. 2013) (standard for reviewing alleged excessive sentences)
  • State v. Dominguez, 290 Neb. 477, 860 N.W.2d 732 (Neb. 2015) (sentencing factors and considerations)
  • State v. Marrs, 272 Neb. 573, 723 N.W.2d 499 (Neb. 2006) (waiver principles in sentencing contexts)
  • State v. Loding, 296 Neb. 670, 895 N.W.2d 669 (Neb. 2017) (recent sentencing authority referenced)
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Case Details

Case Name: State v. Phillips
Court Name: Nebraska Supreme Court
Date Published: Aug 11, 2017
Citation: 297 Neb. 469
Docket Number: S-16-845
Court Abbreviation: Neb.