State v. Phillips
297 Neb. 469
| Neb. | 2017Background
- Phillips was previously convicted of third-degree sexual assault of a child and was required to register under Nebraska's Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA) as a 25-year registrant.
- After release, Phillips provided a fictitious address to authorities and later resided at a different address without reporting it, leading to a charge for failing to register under SORA (Class IIIA felony).
- Phillips pled no contest pursuant to a plea agreement and was sentenced to 12 months’ imprisonment and 12 months’ postrelease supervision.
- The district court imposed extensive postrelease supervision conditions, including limits on internet and electronic-device use, consent to searches of devices and premises, mandatory drug testing and treatment, polygraphs, and other monitoring and reporting requirements.
- Phillips appealed, arguing (1) his 12-month imprisonment was excessive and (2) various postrelease supervision conditions were unconstitutional (First Amendment, Fourth Amendment, due process, ex post facto) or unrelated to rehabilitation.
- The district court record showed Phillips acknowledged receipt of the conditions at sentencing but did not specifically articulate objections; the court held he waived those objections.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Excessiveness of imprisonment | Phillips: 12 months is excessive given limited criminal history | State: sentence within statutory range and justified by SORA violation and prior sexual-assault conviction | Affirmed — 12 months within statutory limits and not an abuse of discretion |
| Validity of postrelease supervision generally | Phillips: some conditions exceed statutory or constitutional bounds | State: postrelease supervision and conditions authorized by statute and rules | Court: imposition of postrelease supervision proper under statute |
| Constitutionality of specific conditions (searches, device/internet restrictions, disclosure of passwords, polygraphs, etc.) | Phillips: conditions violate First, Fourth, Due Process, and Ex Post Facto protections and are not reasonably related to rehabilitation | State: conditions are authorized and reasonable under supervision authority | Court: did not resolve merits because Phillips waived specific constitutional challenges by failing to timely and specifically object; therefore conditions stand |
| Waiver of objection to conditions | Phillips: contends conditions are unconstitutional despite acknowledging receipt | State: Phillips waived by failing to specify objections at sentencing | Held: Phillips was adequately informed and had opportunity to object; his failure to identify issues at hearing constituted waiver |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Dixon, 286 Neb. 334, 837 N.W.2d 496 (Neb. 2013) (standard for reviewing alleged excessive sentences)
- State v. Dominguez, 290 Neb. 477, 860 N.W.2d 732 (Neb. 2015) (sentencing factors and considerations)
- State v. Marrs, 272 Neb. 573, 723 N.W.2d 499 (Neb. 2006) (waiver principles in sentencing contexts)
- State v. Loding, 296 Neb. 670, 895 N.W.2d 669 (Neb. 2017) (recent sentencing authority referenced)
