State v. Phillips
297 Neb. 469
| Neb. | 2017Background
- Christian E. Phillips, a 25-year registrant under Nebraska's Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA) based on a 2013 conviction for third-degree sexual assault of a child, failed to properly register his residence.
- He pled no contest to a Class IIIA felony for failing to register and was sentenced to 12 months’ imprisonment and 12 months’ postrelease supervision. He served 6 months and was released to supervision with credit for good time.
- The district court’s postrelease supervision order contained numerous conditions (employment, reporting, searches, drug/alcohol testing, internet and electronic-device restrictions, bans on pornography, polygraphs, fees, etc.) and allowed the court or supervising officer to modify conditions.
- Phillips objected on the record to signing an agreement to the conditions but only acknowledged receipt; he did not specify particular constitutional objections at sentencing. He later appealed claiming his sentence was excessive and several supervision conditions were unconstitutional (First Amendment, Ex Post Facto, Fourth Amendment, Due Process, and not reasonably related to rehabilitation).
- The State argued Phillips waived many objections by failing to specifically raise them at sentencing and that postrelease supervision and its conditions were authorized by statute and court rules.
Issues
| Issue | Phillips' Argument | State's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether 12-month imprisonment was excessive | 1-year term is excessive given limited criminal history | Sentence within statutory range and justified by SORA-related sexual-assault history and failure to comply | Court: No abuse of discretion; sentence not excessive |
| Whether postrelease supervision and its duration were proper | Argued conditions and supervision unlawful/excessive | Statutes authorize determinate sentence plus postrelease supervision up to statutory limit | Court: Imposition of 12 months postrelease supervision proper under statute and court rule |
| Whether specific supervision conditions violated constitutional protections (First, Ex Post Facto, Fourth, Due Process) | Challenged many conditions as unconstitutional and not related to rehabilitation | Conditions fall within statutory/rule-authorized scope; defendant waived many objections by failing to identify them at sentencing | Court: Conditions not preserved for review (waiver); no reversible error identified |
| Whether Phillips waived challenges to conditions by not adequately objecting at sentencing | Phillips claims he refused to agree and thus preserved issues | State: Phillips acknowledged receiving conditions but did not specify objections, so waived | Court: Phillips had notice and opportunity to object but failed to specify concerns; objections waived |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Dixon, 286 Neb. 334 (discusses sentencing review and abuse-of-discretion standard)
- State v. Dominguez, 290 Neb. 477 (addresses sentencing factors and postrelease supervision context)
- State v. Marrs, 272 Neb. 573 (procedure on preservation of sentencing issues)
- State v. Loding, 296 Neb. 670 (recent sentencing precedent referenced)
