State v. Phillips
297 Neb. 469
| Neb. | 2017Background
- Christian E. Phillips was convicted in 2013 of third-degree sexual assault of a child and was required to register under Nebraska's Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA) as a 25-year registrant.
- After release, Phillips reported a fictitious address and later lived elsewhere without updating his SORA registration; he was charged with failing to register (Class IIIA felony).
- Phillips pled no contest pursuant to a plea agreement and was sentenced to 12 months’ imprisonment and 12 months’ postrelease supervision under the determinative-sentence/postrelease-supervision scheme enacted by L.B. 605 (2015).
- The district court imposed numerous postrelease supervision conditions (e.g., restrictions on internet and electronic devices, searches, drug testing, residence/employment reporting, counseling, polygraphs, association restrictions, fees) and reserved authority to modify conditions.
- Phillips appealed asserting (1) the 12-month imprisonment was excessive and (2) multiple postrelease supervision conditions were unconstitutional (First Amendment, Ex Post Facto, Fourth Amendment, Due Process) or unrelated to rehabilitation.
Issues
| Issue | Phillips' Argument | State's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether 12 months imprisonment was excessive | Sentence excessive given limited criminal history | Sentence within statutory range and justified by sexual-assault conviction and failure to register | Court affirmed: within statutory limits and not an abuse of discretion |
| Whether postrelease supervision and conditions were improperly imposed | Conditions were unconstitutional (First, Fourth, Ex Post Facto, Due Process) and not reasonably related to rehabilitation | Court properly imposed determinate sentence + postrelease supervision under statutes and rules; conditions permissible | Court affirmed conditions in principle; Phillips waived many objections by failing to specify challenges at sentencing |
| Whether Phillips preserved objections to conditions | He refused to sign attestation but did not identify specific objections at hearing | Record shows he received notice and opportunity to challenge; objections were not articulated | Court held Phillips waived his challenges for failure to specify objections at sentencing |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Dixon, 286 Neb. 334 (general standard for reviewing alleged excessive sentences)
- State v. Dominguez, 290 Neb. 477 (factors court should consider when imposing sentence)
- State v. Marrs, 272 Neb. 573 (waiver principles regarding post-sentencing challenges)
- State v. Loding, 296 Neb. 670 (recent sentencing precedent considered by court)
