State v. Peltier
181 Wash. 2d 290
| Wash. | 2014Background
- Peltier was charged in 2002 with multiple counts of second degree rape, second degree child molestation, and rape of a child, for crimes committed 1993–2001.
- In 2003 he agreed to a stipulation and amended information that charged lesser offenses in a negotiated settlement, with other counts dismissed.
- The stipulation did not explicitly mention statute of limitations, but included waivers and remedies related to pre-charging or pre-trial delay, and potential refiling of charges.
- By 2008 the statute of limitations for all original charges had expired, but later the State sought to refile and pursue the original charges.
- Peltier challenged the refiling, arguing the statute of limitations barred it; the trial court dismissed, and the Court of Appeals affirmed on alternate grounds before the Supreme Court granted review.
- The Supreme Court held that a defendant may expressly waive a criminal statute of limitations when the underlying charges have not yet run, because the court retains sentencing authority at that time.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether a defendant can waive a criminal statute of limitations | Peltier: waiver valid when benefits available; waiver should be honored. | State: waiver may be implied or limited; traditional view treats limits as jurisdictional barriers. | Yes; waiver admissible if statute not yet run and waiver is express. |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Glover, 25 Wn. App. 58 (1979) (criminal statute of limitations is jurisdictional in origin)
- In re Personal Restraint of Stoudmire, 141 Wn.2d 342 (2000) (statue of limitations limits authority to sentence, but not subject-matter jurisdiction)
- State v. N.S., 98 Wn. App. 910 (2000) (criminal statute of limitations presents a jurisdictional bar to prosecution)
- State v. Phelps, 113 Wn. App. 347 (2002) (statutes of limitations and pre-trial defenses discussed in waiver context)
- State v. Bryce, 41 Wn. App. 802 (1985) (information beyond statute of limitations void on its face; lack of waiver)
