State v. Leach, 165 Conn. App. 28

Leach was convicted at trial of first‑degree robbery with a deadly weapon and first‑degree assault by firearm for a January 13, 2013 attempted marijuana robbery.
At the meet‑up, Leach, in the backseat with Serrano, pointed a gun; Serrano was shot in the leg and money/marijuana were taken.
Socci and Marucci identified Jean‑Pierre as the accomplice to police; Jean‑Pierre testified in Leach’s trial in exchange for leniency.
Leach was sentenced to a total term of 14 years imprisonment plus 6 years of special parole.
On appeal, Leach challenged allegedly imbalanced jury instructions; the State asserted waiver under Kitchens; the appellate court agreed and affirmed the conviction.
The court held Leach implicitly waived the instructional error claim due to defense counsel’s review and acquiescence; Golding review and supervisory review were declined.

Issue	Plaintiff's Argument	Defendant's Argument	Held
Waiver of instructional-error claim under Kitchens	Leach contends instructions were one‑sided and violated rights.	Leach did not waive; counsel objected.	Waived under Kitchens.
Golding review when rights are waived	Waiver does not bar Golding review.	Waiver forecloses Golding third prong.	Golding third prong unavailable; claim fails.
Court’s use of supervisory authority for unpreserved claims	Review via supervisory powers warranted.	Not appropriate to bypass for unpreserved errors.	Declined to invoke supervisory powers.

State v. Kitchens, 299 Conn. 447 (2011) (waiver of jury instruction rights by counsel review and acquiescence standard)
State v. Bialowas, 160 Conn. App. 417 (2015) (meaningful review and acquiescence analysis in Kitchens context)
State v. Mungroo, 299 Conn. 667 (2011) (Golding framework when rights waived as to unpreserved claims)
State v. Golding, 213 Conn. 233 (1989) (constitutional claim waiver; third prong requires actual injustice)
State v. Elson, 311 Conn. 726 (2014) (supervisory authority not used to bypass unpreserved claims)