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968 N.W.2d 752
Wis. Ct. App.
2021
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Background

  • A 911 caller (Mickey) reported a large amount of blood in the garage of a Fox Lake residence and that his girlfriend S.D. was missing; he suspected the blood might be S.D.’s though he had not seen a body.
  • Officers went to the home; the resident Marjorie Jones initially said Ware (her son) was not present. Mickey contradicted that, and later Ware unexpectedly appeared and said, “I am the one you are looking for.”
  • Sergeant Nicholas looked through a screen/metal door, saw blood pooled under a pickup truck, then entered the garage without a warrant and discovered a deceased person in the passenger seat.
  • Ware was arrested and charged with first-degree intentional homicide, hiding a corpse, incest, and felony firearm possession; he moved to suppress evidence from the warrantless garage search.
  • The circuit court denied suppression relying on the community caretaker exception; after briefing, the U.S. Supreme Court decided Caniglia (community caretaker cannot justify residential searches) and the State argued the emergency-aid exception instead.
  • The Court of Appeals affirmed the denial of suppression, holding the warrantless garage entry was justified under the emergency-aid exception.

Issues

Issue Plaintiff's Argument Defendant's Argument Held
Whether the warrantless search of the garage was lawful Initially invoked community-caretaker; after Caniglia, argued emergency-aid justified entry because officers reasonably believed a person in the garage needed immediate medical aid Search was unconstitutional: no indication of an ongoing medical emergency and community-caretaker cannot justify residential searches Search justified under the emergency-aid exception: officers had an objectively reasonable basis to believe immediate aid might be needed and entry was necessary

Key Cases Cited

  • Caniglia v. Strom, 141 S. Ct. 1596 (community-caretaker exception does not permit warrantless searches of residences)
  • Brigham City v. Stuart, 547 U.S. 398 (officers may enter without a warrant to render emergency assistance)
  • Michigan v. Fisher, 558 U.S. 45 (emergency-aid inquiry is objective; officers need reasonable basis to believe someone needs immediate aid)
  • State v. Boggess, 115 Wis. 2d 443 (Wisconsin two‑part emergency-aid test)
  • State v. Rome, 239 Wis. 2d 491 (applying totality-of-circumstances two-part emergency-aid test)
  • State v. Anderson, 389 Wis. 2d 106 (citizen informants are generally reliable)
  • State v. Matalonis, 366 Wis. 2d 443 (significant blood can support reasonable belief victim needs assistance)
  • State v. Kraimer, 99 Wis. 2d 306 (reports of death may be inaccurate; entry sometimes justified to determine if aid still could be rendered)
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Case Details

Case Name: State v. Laverne Ware, Jr.
Court Name: Court of Appeals of Wisconsin
Date Published: Nov 4, 2021
Citations: 968 N.W.2d 752; 400 Wis.2d 118; 2021 WI App 83; 2020AP001559-CR
Docket Number: 2020AP001559-CR
Court Abbreviation: Wis. Ct. App.
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    State v. Laverne Ware, Jr., 968 N.W.2d 752