State v. Hall
247 P.3d 1050
Kan. Ct. App.2011Background
- Hall was convicted by a jury of theft and computer crime, receiving 16 months' imprisonment with an 18-month probation term and a restitution obligation.
- At sentencing the court ordered restitution of $10,860.38; Hall reserved the right to challenge that amount within 30 days.
- A later restitution hearing was held to determine the proper amount, as the Hardins sought $14,543.11 for missing inventory, unpaid bills, and auditing costs.
- Auditing and inventory irregularities were identified through AVImark system audits and corroborated by the Hardins and witnesses, totaling over $1,000 in missing inventory and related costs.
- The trial court ultimately ordered $14,293.11 in restitution, allowing auditing fees as part of restitution, but Hall challenged both the calculation basis and the inclusion of auditing expenses.
- The appellate court addressed jurisdiction to modify restitution post-sentencing, the proper measure of restitution (retail vs wholesale cost), the inclusion of auditing expenses, and a mistrial claim related to an order in limine.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jurisdiction to revisit restitution amount post-sentencing | Hall contends no jurisdiction to review amount after sentencing. | State argues jurisdiction remained open to modify restitution as a condition of probation. | Jurisdiction existed to reconsider the amount. |
| Proper measure of restitution for missing inventory | Hall argues actual cost (wholesale) should be used to avoid windfall. | State contends retail value is appropriate to reflect loss and profits. | Wholesale cost, not retail value, should govern restitution. |
| Inclusion of auditing expenses in restitution | Auditing time/cost should not be recoverable unless supported by reliable evidence. | Auditing costs reasonably tied to determining loss may be included. | Auditing expenses properly included as restitution; evidence deemed reliable. |
| Mistrial denial following order in limine violation | State violated order in limine; mistrial requested. | Violation was inadvertent; no substantial prejudice; no mistrial warranted. | No abuse of discretion; denial of mistrial affirmed. |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Cooper, 267 Kan. 15 (1999) (trial court may retain jurisdiction to decide restitution amount as condition of probation)
- Bryant, 37 Kan. App. 2d 924 (2007) (restitution hearing procedures may be conducted after sentencing)
- Trostle, 41 Kan. App. 2d 98 (2009) (modification of sentence post-sentencing not permitted; restitution separate)
- Casto, 22 Kan. App. 2d 152 (1996) (restitution must be based on actual loss; guideposts for valuation)
- Hunziker, 274 Kan. 655 (2002) (victim entitled to restitution up to actual loss; fair market value guidance)
- Illinois Cent. R. Co. v. Crail, 281 U.S. 57 (1930) (wholesale vs retail pricing for damages in transit shortage case)
- Bausch, 29 Kan. App. 2d 649 (2001) (audit costs may be included as restitution when a reasonable consequence of the crime)
- Galloway, 268 Kan. 682 (2000) (un solicited reference to improper evidence may not mandate mistrial; limiting instructions available)
- Maybin, 27 Kan. App. 2d 189 (2000) (mistrial denial when improprieties are not solicited by state and prejudice is minimal)
- Rinck, 256 Kan. 848 (1995) (standard for mistrial when improper evidence is not solicited)
- Hassey (State v.), State v. Hunt (2008) (limiting instruction adequacy assessment in assessing prejudice)
