State v. Conover
183 Wash. 2d 706
| Wash. | 2015Background
- Conover was convicted on three counts of delivering heroin within 1,000 feet of a school bus route stop.
- The trial court imposed 48-month base sentences on each delivery count, to run concurrently with each other.
- It also imposed three 24-month school bus route stop enhancements, one per count, and ran them consecutively to the corresponding base sentences and to each other.
- The total sentence was 120 months of confinement (base sentences concurrent, enhancements consecutive).
- Conover appealed, challenging the calculation of his offender score and the consecutive treatment of enhancements.
- The Supreme Court addressed whether RCW 9.94A.533(6) requires enhancements on multiple counts to run consecutively to each other.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Does RCW 9.94A.533(6) require enhancements on multiple counts to run consecutively to each other? | State argued enhancements must run consecutively to all other provisions, including other enhancements. | Conover argued the language is ambiguous and does not mandatorily require consecutive treatment across counts. | No; cannot force cross-count consecutivity; run to base sentences but not to each other. |
Key Cases Cited
- In re Post Sentencing Review of Gutierrez, 146 Wn. App. 151 ((2008)) (context on concurrent vs. consecutive sentencing under RCW 9.94A.589)
- State v. Charles, 135 Wn.2d 239 (1998) (first interpretation of firearm enhancements and concurrency)
- State v. Jacobs, 154 Wn.2d 596 (2005) (drug-zone enhancement ambiguity; held for concurrency across counts pre-amendment)
- State v. DeSantiago, 149 Wn.2d 402 (2003) (amended firearm/d deadly weapon enhancements to require consecutive service)
- State v. Roberts, 117 Wn.2d 576 (1991) (statutory language differing across provisions; legislative intent discerned from context)
