492 P.3d 518
Mont.2021Background
- In 2018 McGhee was charged with two counts of indecent exposure to a minor based on allegations that he exposed his penis to his nine-year-old twin daughters. A jury convicted him on one count and acquitted on the other.
- There existed an earlier (2015) North Dakota allegation (investigated, no criminal charges) that Mother had reported; a temporary civil order suspended his contact for ~2 years, later reinstated after reunification therapy.
- The District Court granted an in limine ruling barring the State from introducing or referencing the North Dakota materials under the State’s initially proffered 404(b) theory.
- At trial McGhee (and family witnesses) testified he had an “awesome” relationship with the girls; the State then sought—and the court allowed—limited cross-examination about the prior North Dakota allegations to impeach/rebut that testimony. The jury heard limited references to the prior investigation (no graphic particulars).
- Sentenced to a 50-year term with 42 years suspended and parole restrictions tied to sex-offender treatment, McGhee appealed contesting (1) the mid-trial allowance of cross-examination about the prior allegation and (2) that his sentence was unduly harsh.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument (State) | Defendant's Argument (McGhee) | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the court erred by allowing cross-examination about a prior North Dakota allegation | The limited cross-examination was admissible to impeach/rebut McGhee’s testimony that he had an “awesome” relationship with his daughters (non-propensity purposes under Rules 404(b)/404(a)/607) | McGhee said his general statement about a good relationship did not "open the door" to otherwise excluded prior-act evidence and the in limine exclusion should not have been reversed | Court: McGhee opened the door; limited cross-examination admissible to impeach/rebut and to correct the false impression; no abuse of discretion (any limiting-instruction issue not preserved) |
| Whether the sentence is unduly harsh and reviewable on direct appeal | State: Sentence is eligible for statutory sentence review, so undue-harshness/equitable challenge must proceed via sentence-review process, not direct appeal | McGhee: Sentence is unduly harsh | Court: Sentence-review procedure applies; undue-harshness claim not reviewable on direct appeal; appeal as to sentence denied |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Madplume, 386 Mont. 368, 390 P.3d 142 (2017) (discusses admissibility of other-acts evidence under Rule 404(b) for non-propensity purposes)
- State v. Pelletier, 401 Mont. 454, 473 P.3d 991 (2020) (explains "multiple admissibility" and 404(b) balancing)
- State v. Passmore, 355 Mont. 187, 225 P.3d 1229 (2010) (describes impeachment by contradiction and its twofold effect)
- State v. Salvagni, 358 Mont. 325, 246 P.3d 415 (2010) (clarifies 404(b) is not a categorical bar and outlines non-propensity exceptions)
- State v. Guill, 355 Mont. 490, 228 P.3d 1152 (2010) (holding defendant may "open the door" to otherwise excluded evidence to correct a false impression)
- State v. Clemans, 392 Mont. 214, 422 P.3d 1210 (2018) (approved admission of other-acts evidence to explain/correct an asserted false impression about why witnesses stayed)
- State v. Polak, 392 Mont. 90, 422 P.3d 112 (2018) (discusses impeachment/rebuttal and other-acts relevance)
- State v. Derbyshire, 349 Mont. 114, 201 P.3d 811 (2009) (district court's broad discretion on evidentiary rulings)
- State v. Blaz, 388 Mont. 105, 398 P.3d 247 (2017) (addressing limiting instructions and prejudice balancing)
