906 N.W.2d 158
Wis.2018Background
- Anton Dorsey was charged with multiple domestic-violence offenses (strangulation, battery, disorderly conduct, aggravated battery) arising from assaults on his then-girlfriend C.B.; he was convicted on three counts and sentenced.
- The State sought to admit other-acts evidence: testimony from a former girlfriend, R.K., describing violent incidents in 2011; the circuit court permitted the testimony but excluded evidence of the convictions themselves.
- Admission turned on interpreting the 2013 amendment to Wis. Stat. § 904.04(2)(b)1., titled "Greater latitude," which addresses admissibility of similar-act evidence in certain sensitive prosecutions, including domestic abuse.
- The circuit court applied the Sullivan three-part test (permissible purpose, relevance, prejudice balancing) but stated the statute afforded "greater latitude" for domestic-abuse other-acts evidence, and admitted R.K.'s testimony for intent/motive.
- The court of appeals affirmed on other grounds, applying a straight Sullivan analysis and finding the evidence admissible; the Wisconsin Supreme Court granted review to decide (1) the proper standard under the amended statute and (2) whether admission here was an erroneous exercise of discretion.
- The Supreme Court held that § 904.04(2)(b)1 permits admission of similar domestic-abuse acts with greater latitude under a Sullivan framework, and that the trial court did not abuse its discretion admitting R.K.'s testimony.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| What standard governs admission of other-acts evidence under Wis. Stat. § 904.04(2)(b)1? | The amendment authorizes greater latitude: allow admission of similar acts in listed prosecutions under the greater-latitude common-law approach (within a Sullivan analysis). | The amendment does not change existing law; a straight Sullivan test (no special greater-latitude expansion) controls. | The statute permits admission of similar acts with greater latitude as that common-law term is applied within the Sullivan three-prong framework. |
| Was admitting R.K.'s testimony an erroneous exercise of discretion? | Evidence was proffered for permissible purposes (intent/motive), was sufficiently similar and relevant, and probative value was not substantially outweighed by unfair prejudice—cautionary instruction mitigated risks. | The other-acts were remote, involved a different victim, and unfairly bolstered the victim/created propensity inference. | The circuit court did not err: it applied the proper standard, reasonably found relevance and probative value, and reasonably concluded prejudice did not substantially outweigh probative value. |
Key Cases Cited
- State v. Sullivan, 216 Wis. 2d 768, 576 N.W.2d 30 (Wis. 1998) (articulates the three-part test for admitting other-acts evidence)
- State v. Davidson, 236 Wis. 2d 537, 613 N.W.2d 606 (Wis. 2000) (explains application of greater-latitude rule within Sullivan)
- State v. Hurley, 361 Wis. 2d 529, 861 N.W.2d 174 (Wis. 2015) (discusses greater-latitude admission principles)
- State ex rel. Kalal v. Circuit Court for Dane County, 271 Wis. 2d 633, 681 N.W.2d 110 (Wis. 2004) (governs statutory interpretation principles)
- State v. Veach, 255 Wis. 2d 390, 648 N.W.2d 447 (Wis. 2002) (addresses relevance of intent and Sullivan step one)
