Ronald Robertson, Jr. and Dennis Samson v. David Cohen and Monya Cohen
20-0341
| W. Va. | Jun 23, 2021Background
- Petitioners own a house adjacent to respondents’ larger parcel; both use a 40-foot right-of-way that crosses respondents’ lot to access their properties.
- Quaint Hills Mountain Section HOA authorized replacing a manual gate with an automated swing gate (keypad/solar) and installing a halide area light on respondents’ property; a neighbor (Hillsman) later added a security camera.
- The camera originally captured part of petitioners’ house/yard; the light and camera were later moved/shielded after mediation (camera no longer views petitioners’ house; light produces no measurable illumination at petitioners’ driveway/bedroom).
- Petitioners sued respondents and Hillsman for private nuisance and invasion of privacy; Hillsman is deceased and not a party because petitioners failed to substitute his estate.
- Circuit Court granted summary judgment for respondents, finding no disputed material facts as to nuisance or invasion of privacy; this appeal challenges that ruling.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether summary judgment was improper because nuisance is a jury question | Robertson/Samson: Taylor requires jury resolution of nuisance issues; court wrongly weighed evidence | Cohen: Petitioners presented no material factual dispute or evidence to defeat summary judgment | Affirmed — no genuine, material fact dispute; summary judgment appropriate |
| Whether petitioners were entitled to a jury trial on injunctive relief | Petitioners: jury should decide nuisance and injunctive issues | Cohen: Permanent injunctions are equitable; no right to jury on equitable relief | Held for defendants (citing precedent that permanent injunctions are equitable) |
| Whether respondents’ mitigation (moving/shielding light and moving camera) eliminated any nuisance | Petitioners: remedial measures do not bar past-damages or nuisance claims | Cohen: mitigation removed any ongoing nuisance (no light in house; camera no longer viewing) | Held for defendants — remedial measures eliminated any nuisance to abate; no continuing injury |
| Whether the security camera and gate constituted an invasion of privacy | Petitioners: camera captured house/yard and unreasonably intruded on seclusion | Cohen: camera was installed by Hillsman (not respondent), was moved, and did not surveil petitioners thereafter | Held for defendants — camera did not meet unreasonable intrusion standard; no evidence respondents surveilled petitioners |
Key Cases Cited
- Crump v. Beckley Newspapers, Inc., 173 W. Va. 699, 320 S.E.2d 70 (W. Va. 1984) (defines invasion of privacy as including unreasonable intrusion upon seclusion)
- Taylor v. Culloden Pub. Serv. Dist., 214 W. Va. 639, 591 S.E.2d 197 (W. Va. 2003) (summary judgment standard in nuisance cases and when jury determination is required)
- Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242 (U.S. 1986) (federal summary judgment standard: court determines whether genuine issue for trial exists)
- Williams v. Precision Coil, Inc., 194 W. Va. 52, 459 S.E.2d 329 (W. Va. 1995) (clarifies materiality requirement and summary judgment standards)
- Weatherholt v. Weatherholt, 234 W. Va. 722, 769 S.E.2d 872 (W. Va. 2015) (no right to jury trial on permanent injunction; equitable relief)
- Bansbach v. Harbin, 229 W. Va. 287, 728 S.E.2d 533 (W. Va. 2012) (private nuisance recovery requires significant harm to property rights)
- Booker v. Foose, 216 W. Va. 727, 613 S.E.2d 94 (W. Va. 2005) (definition and elements of nuisance)
- Hendricks v. Stalnaker, 181 W. Va. 31, 380 S.E.2d 198 (W. Va. 1989) (gravity of harm vs. social value test for unreasonableness in nuisance)
