475 P.3d 834
Okla.2020Background
- Petitioners own land containing Colbert Creek (the sole source feeding Colbert Lake) and other parcels abutting the Lake; respondents (Parkers) own adjoining lake property.
- Parkers contracted with Select Energy to withdraw lake water for oilfield fracking; Select obtained a provisional temporary permit from the Oklahoma Water Resources Board (OWRB) without actual notice to petitioners.
- Parkers later applied for a long-term stream-water permit; statutorily required notice was given only by newspaper publication (and OWRB website posting), not by individualized notice to the petitioners.
- OWRB issued the stream-water permit; petitioners filed a declaratory-judgment action claiming publication-only notice under 82 O.S. §105.11 violated due process.
- The McClain County trial court denied relief and refused to invalidate the permits; the Oklahoma Supreme Court granted review and held that publication-only notice is constitutionally inadequate when affected landowners are known or readily discoverable, reversing and remanding.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether notice by publication under 82 O.S. §105.11 satisfies due process when affected landowners are known or easily discoverable | Purcells: Publication-only notice is constitutionally insufficient; known landowners must receive personal or mailed notice | Parkers/OWRB: Statutory publication (and website posting) complied with the statute; no prejudicial error | Court: Publication-only notice is constitutionally inadequate in that situation; statute cannot excuse personal notice when parties are known or easily discoverable; reversed and remanded |
| Whether petitioners lacked a reviewable final agency order or other procedural impediment to relief | Purcells: Entitled to declaratory relief and review of notice scheme under APA because rights were affected | Parkers/OWRB: Argued no final agency order and hence no judicial review; any procedural defects were harmless | Court: Opinion limited to notice question under declaratory-judgment authority; did not resolve merits of final-order doctrine here but reversed for inadequate notice and remanded for proceedings consistent with opinion |
Key Cases Cited
- Cate v. Archon Oil Co., 695 P.2d 1352 (recognizing publication notice is inadequate when affected parties' whereabouts are known)
- Dulaney v. Okla. State Dept. of Health, 868 P.2d 676 (administrative notice and hearing required where agency action may directly and adversely affect landowners' water-related property interests)
- Harry R. Carlile Trust v. Cotton Petroleum, 732 P.2d 432 (publication is constitutionally deficient if more effective means of notice, like mail, are available)
- Mullane v. Cent. Hanover Bank & Tr. Co., 339 U.S. 306 (due-process standard: notice reasonably calculated under circumstances to inform interested parties)
- Schroeder v. City of New York, 371 U.S. 208 (publication is an inadequate substitute for actual notice where names and addresses are readily ascertainable)
