Polk v. TEK Systems, Inc.
4:12-cv-00557
N.D. Okla.Mar 28, 2014Background
- Polk worked for TEKsystems (TEK) starting May 23, 2005, initially as a recruiter and later as an account manager.
- TEK provided an at-will employment policy with a discretionary progressive discipline framework.
- Polk did not disclose a disability during hiring and there is evidence of prior mental-health diagnoses (depression, anxiety, ADHD) from 1999 onward.
- Polk was repeatedly warned for unlawful or unprofessional conduct and poor performance, including client relationship issues with ConocoPhillips.
- TEK terminated Polk on March 25, 2011 for rude/unprofessional behavior, citing harm to TEK-Conoco relations and client procedures.
- Polk alleged disability discrimination under the ADA and OADA and asserted an Oklahoma intentional infliction of emotional distress claim; the case was removed to federal court for federal-question jurisdiction.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Polk is disabled under the ADA | Polk asserts depression, anxiety, and ADHD qualify as disabilities. | Depression/anxiety/ADHD are not per se disabilities; no substantial limitation shown. | Genuine dispute exists; plaintiff may be disabled under the ADA given evidence of limitations in major life activities. |
| Whether TEK knew of Polk's disability and terminated him because of it | TEK was aware via medical history and Izett's statements; termination due to disability. | No evidence TEK viewed Polk as permanently disabled; termination for work-related issues. | Not precluded at summary judgment; question of pretext for disability discrimination remains. |
| Whether TEK's proffered reason for termination is pretextual | Disciplinary process not consistently followed; comparators show disparate treatment. | Employer had legitimate non-discriminatory reason (harm to client relationships); policy discretionary. | No genuine dispute; defendant's reason not shown to be pretextual; ADA claim fails. |
| Whether Polk's Oklahoma intentional infliction of emotional distress claim survives | Unaddressed by plaintiff; claims extreme conduct. | No outrageous conduct shown. | Summary judgment for TEK on the tort claim. |
Key Cases Cited
- Morgan v. Hilti, Inc., 108 F.3d 1319 (10th Cir. 1997) (ADA circumstantial framework; burden shifting to show pretext when applicable)
- Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317 (1986) (summary judgment standard; burden of proof)
- Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242 (1986) (genuine issue of material fact standard)
- Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574 (1986) (one-sided evidence permitted; standard for summary judgment)
- Smothers v. Solvay Chemicals, Inc., 740 F.3d 530 (10th Cir. 2014) (ADA element burden when proving disability)
- Zamora v. Elite Logistics, Inc., 478 F.3d 1160 (10th Cir. 2007) (prima facie case and pretext framework in ADA)
- Swackhammer v. Sprint/United Management Co., 493 F.3d 1160 (10th Cir. 2007) (similarly-situated employee concept for pretext)
- Stinnett v. Safeway, Inc., 337 F.3d 1213 (10th Cir. 2003) (pretext and discrimination analysis)
- Plotke v. White, 405 F.3d 1092 (10th Cir. 2005) (pretext framework for disability discrimination)
- Berry v. T-Mobile USA, Inc., 490 F.3d 1211 (10th Cir. 2007) (temporary impairment not enough for disability)
- EEOC v. Flasher Co., Inc., 986 F.2d 1312 (10th Cir. 1992) (defendant's burden for legitimate nondiscriminatory reason)
