Mission Product Holdings, Inc. v. Tempnology, LLC
139 S. Ct. 1652
| SCOTUS | 2019Background
- Tempnology licensed its "Coolcore" trademarks and granted Mission Product an exclusive U.S. distribution right and a non‑exclusive worldwide trademark license; the contract ran until July 2016.
- Tempnology filed Chapter 11 in September 2015 and sought to "reject" the executory license under 11 U.S.C. § 365(a).
- Bankruptcy Court approved rejection and then (on Tempnology's motion) declared Mission's trademark rights extinguished; the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel reversed.
- The First Circuit reinstated the Bankruptcy Court, holding rejection terminated trademark rights (citing trademark quality‑control concerns and statutory gaps such as § 365(n) not covering trademarks).
- The Supreme Court granted certiorari and held that rejection "constitutes a breach" under § 365(g) and that breach does not rescind rights the contract already conveyed; thus Mission's trademark license survived rejection.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument (Mission) | Defendant's Argument (Tempnology) | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether § 365 rejection terminates a licensee's trademark rights | Rejection is a breach only; nonbankruptcy breach law preserves licensee rights, so Mission keeps mark rights | Rejection should operate like rescission for most contracts not covered by express exceptions (e.g., § 365(n)); trademark licenses should be treated as terminable because licensors must retain quality control | Rejection is a breach and does not revoke rights already granted by the contract; trademark license survived rejection |
| Mootness / justiciability of Mission's damages claim | Mission retained a viable money‑damages claim for lost profits during the post‑rejection period, keeping the case live | Tempnology argued the case was moot because the license expired and estate distributions left no recoverable assets; also argued petitioning the court cannot give rise to damages | Case not moot: a plausible damages claim preserves an Article III controversy and relief (including potential unwinding of distributions) remains possible |
Key Cases Cited
- NLRB v. Bildisco & Bildisco, 465 U.S. 513 (recognizing business‑judgment deference to rejection/assumption decisions in bankruptcy)
- Field v. Mans, 516 U.S. 59 (statutory terms adopt ordinary contract meanings absent indication to the contrary)
- Sunbeam Prods., Inc. v. Chicago Am. Mfg., LLC, 686 F.3d 372 (7th Cir.) (held rejection does not terminate trademark/licensee rights)
- Lubrizol Enters. v. Richmond Metal Finishers, 756 F.2d 1043 (4th Cir.) (held rejection could revoke a patent license; Congress later legislated in response)
- Chafin v. Chafin, 568 U.S. 165 (mootness standard; damages claims can preserve justiciability)
- Board of Trade of Chicago v. Johnson, 264 U.S. 1 (bankruptcy estate includes debtor's prebankruptcy property interests)
