82 So. 3d 147
Fla. Dist. Ct. App.2012Background
- Nova Scotia cottage was inherited 25% by Former Husband and his three siblings; he withdrew funds to buy their interests, and title remained in his name.
- Marital funds were used for taxes, insurance, and improvements; the couple used the cottage during the marriage.
- The parties executed a post-marital agreement designating inherited assets and their use/value as protected assets, with an exception if converted to tangible assets used by Brenda and Malcolm.
- Trial court held the cottage lost non-marital status because of use and improvements with marital funds, designating it as a marital asset for distribution.
- On appeal, Husband argues the cottage remained protected non-marital asset; Wife argues use and expenditures caused conversion; appellate court reverses in part and remands for calculations on appreciation.
- Court directs remand to determine the amount of appreciation in value due to marital funds and labor, and to reconsider the equitable distribution scheme.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether cottage is marital asset under the post-marital agreement | Macleod: cottage remained protected asset unless converted | Macleod: family use and marital expenditures caused conversion | Not a marital asset; remand for appreciation analysis |
| whether expenditures on the cottage converted non-marital asset | expenditures did not convert unless tangible asset created | expenditures and use created conversion | No conversion; require separate calculation of enhancement from martial funds |
| Effect on equitable distribution and need for remand | court should follow agreement governing assets and not treat cottage as marital | distribution must reflect any enhancement apportioned to marital funds | Remand for enhancement calculation and redistribution as needed |
Key Cases Cited
- Chipman v. Chipman, 975 So.2d 603 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008) (contract interpretation applies to postnuptial agreements)
- Jones v. Treasure, 984 So.2d 634 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008) (terms of marital settlement agreements interpreted from four corners)
- Martin v. Martin, 923 So.2d 1236 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006) (improvements to nonmarital asset may create value enhancement but not full convert asset)
- Strickland v. Strickland, 670 So.2d 142 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996) (enhancement in value due to marital funds tied to asset conversion doctrine)
- Lakin v. Lakin, 901 So.2d 186 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (distinguishes inheritance of money from property in asset status)
- Hanks v. Hanks, 553 So.2d 840 (Fla. 4th DCA 1989) (remand or reconsideration permissible when distribution impacted by findings)
