445 S.W.3d 518
Ark. Ct. App.2014Background
- Mack and Sandy Lundy married October 30, 2012, separated June 2013; Sandy sued for absolute divorce alleging general indignities on June 27, 2013.
- Sandy alleged Mack was overbearing, wanted her committed, belittled her (called her "stupid"), disparaged her counseling, threatened to burn her DVDs, and quoted Bible verses to criticize her faith.
- Sandy testified to repeated belittling and a parking-lot confrontation after a counseling session; her sister Debbie Davis testified Sandy appeared sad, nervous, and scared but admitted she witnessed no disputes and related only what Sandy told her.
- The Faulkner County Circuit Court granted the divorce; Mack appealed, arguing insufficient corroboration and evidence of general indignities.
- The Court of Appeals reviewed the record de novo but will not disturb findings unless clearly erroneous and focused on whether there was the required corroboration for general indignities.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Sandy proved the statutory ground of general indignities | Sandy: Mack's repeated belittling, threats, attempted control, and specific incidents rendered her life intolerable | Mack: Allegations are uncorroborated, conclusory, and amount to mere uncongeniality/quarrelsomeness | Reversed — Sandy failed to produce the slight corroboration required; evidence was insufficient |
| Whether testimony from a relative repeating plaintiff's statements constitutes corroboration | Sandy: Sister's testimony about Sandy's demeanor and recounting of incidents supports Sandy's claims | Mack: Sister's testimony is hearsay about what she was told, not independent corroboration | Held: Sister's testimony was based on what Sandy told her and did not provide required corroboration |
| Whether the evidence showed habitual/settled manifestations (not just occasional quarrels) | Sandy: Series of incidents and ongoing belittling showed settled estrangement and contempt | Mack: Incidents were isolated, not a habitual settled manifestation | Held: Court found evidence did not establish habitual, continuous settled indignities |
| Whether slight corroboration suffices absent collusion | Sandy: No collusion; thus slight corroboration should be enough | Mack: Even slight corroboration must be independent and was lacking here | Held: Lack of independent corroboration meant the divorce could not be sustained; reversal required |
Key Cases Cited
- Hunter v. Haunert, 270 S.W.3d 339 (Ark. App.) (standard of review in domestic-relations appeals)
- Gunnell v. Gunnell, 780 S.W.2d 597 (Ark. App.) (divorce is statutory; must prove statutory ground)
- Poore v. Poore, 61 S.W.3d 912 (Ark. App.) (definition and required proof of general indignities)
- Pomraning v. Pomraning, 682 S.W.2d 775 (Ark. App.) (examples of manifestations constituting indignities)
- Dee v. Dee, 258 S.W.3d 405 (Ark. App.) (testimony that is merely general or conclusory is insufficient)
- Moore v. Davidson, 145 S.W.3d 833 (Ark. App.) (rule requiring corroboration to prevent collusion; slight corroboration may suffice when no collusion)
- Coker v. Coker, 423 S.W.3d 599 (Ark.) (illustrative case where slight corroboration was found sufficient)
